Review the formula for effective population size. Imagine a population of 1,000 small rodents. Of these, 300 are breeding females, 300 are breeding males, and 400 are nonbreeding  juveniles.  What is the effective  population size?

#Question id: 7206

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Which of the following statements explains the dominant mutation of Pmar1 results in a vegetalized embryo is due to:

#Question id: 7207

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Which of the following statements is true about formation of the primitive streak ?

A. by the cellular dance mechanism, the cells came down the sides of the epiblast to undergo a medially directed intercalation of cells in the posterior margin where primitive streak forms.

B. Cellular dance is mediated by wnt planar cell polarity pathway in the hypoblast cells, at the posterior edge of the embryo.

C. The Wnt pathway activated by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) produced by the hypoblast.

D. The Wnt planar cell polarity pathway activated by b-catenin produced by the epiblast.

#Question id: 7208

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Following statements are given about cleavage in drosophila.

A. During the ninth division cycle, approximately five nuclei reach the surface of the anterior pole of the embryo. These nuclei become enclosed by cell membranes and generate the pole cells that give rise to the gametes of the adult.

B. During tenth division of cycle, the other nuclei migrate to the cortex (periphery) of the egg and at this stage, embryo is called a syncytial blastoderm .

C. When the nuclei reach the periphery of the egg during the tenth cleavage cycle, each nucleus becomes surrounded by microtubules and microfilaments. The nuclei and their associated cytoplasmic islands are called  transmembrane.

D. Following division cycle 13, the cell membrane (which had covered the egg) folds inward between the nuclei, eventually  partitioning off each energid into a single cell. This process creates the cellular blastoderm.

Which of the following combination are correct?

#Question id: 7209

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Following statements are related to the Epigenetic regulation of Hox gene expression in the chick limb .

A. Hoxa13 is normally not expressed during early limb bud outgrowth.

B. Hoxa13 is normally expressed during early limb bud outgrowth.

C. Inhibition of histone deacetylases with a TSA-coated bead implanted into the early limb bud results in precocious Hoxa13 expression and specifically reduced skeletal elements of the zeugopod

D. Inhibition of HAT proteins with a TSA-coated bead implanted into the early limb bud results in Hoxa13 expression and specifically reduced skeletal elements of the zeugopod

E. The epigenetic hold on gene Hoxa13 expression to allow the necessary time for zeugopod development.

F. The epigenetic hold on gene Hoxa13 expression to allow the necessary time for autopod development.

Which of the following combinations are correct?

#Question id: 7210

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Model for limb patterning by opposing gradients of retinoic acid (blue shading) and of FGFs and Wnts (pink shading). According to this graph, Which of the following statements are correct?

#Question id: 7211

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Choose the correct match.