ROS using respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) or NADPH  oxidase for Self- generation mechanism by some other processes , which are involved in ROS generation such as,

A) The amino-terminal cytoplasmic domain of RBOH proteins contains four serines (Ser) that can be phosphorylated by CDPKs and two EF hands that can bind calcium directly 

B) As ROS generation such as  H2O2,  by putting electron for oxidising  oxygen into the free radicals, these electron generation by oxidising NADPH and FADH2 in the cytosolic carboxy terminal of RBOH protein

C) The elevation of calcium and ROS levels during the early stages of the stress response activates protein kinases and phosphatases

D) ROS activated Ca2+ channel leads to Ca2+  influx from apoplastic space  to cytosol

Arrange the correct order of  following steps involve in ROS generation;

#Question id: 2531

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The specific linkages between sugar rings, including the specific carbons that are linked together and the configuration of the linkage, are important for the properties of the polysaccharide;

 I) Amylose                             a)β(1,3)-linkages                                  

 II) Cellulose                            b) β (1,4)-linkages

  III) Callose                             c) α(1,4)-linked

                                                 d) α (1,3)-linkages

Which of the following linkage combination is correct linkages of the polysaccharides?

#Question id: 2532

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Nonenzymatic proteins whose exact functions are uncertain. Such proteins may be localized in the walls of specific cell types or more widespread;

cell wall protein                                                                                Tissue localization

A) HRGP (hydroxyprolinerich glycoprotein)                                  i) Xylem, fibers, cortex, root hairs

B) AGP (arabinogalactan protein)                                                  ii) Primary xylem and phloem

C) PRP (proline-rich protein)                                                           iii) Cambium, vascular parenchyma

 D) GRP (glycine-rich protein)                                                          iv) Varied cell-specific expression

Which of the following combination of nonenzymatic protein with its correct location?

#Question id: 2533

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Cellulose microfibrils have an ordered structure and are synthesized at the plasma membrane, given characteristics of microfibrils;

a) Each microfibril is composed of an estimated 18 parallel chains of (1,4)-linked β-D-glucose chains tightly bonded to each other to form a crystalline microfibril

b) Microfibrils have hydrophilic surfaces, populated by polar –OH groups extending from theplane of the sugar rings

c) Microfibrils have hydrophobic surfaces, populated by nonpolar C–H groups populating thesides of stacked glucose chains

 d) microfibril important for enzymatic attack by microbial cellulases, which dock onto the hydrophobic surface and remove one glucan chain at a time

Which of the following from given characterstics of microfibrils is incorrect?

#Question id: 2534

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

How the matrix polysaccharides are differ from the cellulose?

#Question id: 2535

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Expansins belong to a large superfamily of proteins, divided into two major expansin families, α-expansins (EXPAs) and β-expansins (EXPBs), what is the function of these two?

a) EXPAs are more active on eudicot cell walls,whereas EXPBs are more active on grass cell walls

b) EXPAs are more active on grass cell walls, whereas EXPBs are more active on eudicot cell walls

c) EXPAs loosen cellulose–cellulose junctions containing xyloglucan, whereas EXPBs loosen wall complexes containing GAX

d) EXPAs loosen wall complexes containing GAX, whereas EXPBs loosen cellulose–cellulose junctions containing xyloglucan

Which combination is correct from some given above functions of expansins,?

#Question id: 2536

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

If the cytoplasm of a cell is at pH 7, and the mitochondrial matrix is at pH 8, then the concentration of H+ ions ________.