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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 13019

Air masses formed over the Pacific Ocean are moved by prevailing westerlies where they encounter extensive north- south mountain ranges, such as the Sierra Nevada and the Cascades. Which statement best describes the changes that these air masses undergo?

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles
  1. The cool, moist Pacific air heats up as it rises, releasing its precipitation as it passes the tops of the mountains, and this warm, now dry air cools as it descends on the leeward side of the range.
  2. The warm, moist Pacific air rises and cools, releasing precipitation as it moves up the windward side of the range, and this cool, now dry air mass heats up as it descends on the leeward side of the range.
  3. The  cool,  dry  Pacific air  heats and  picks  up  moisture from  evaporation of  the  snowcapped peaks of  the mountain range, releasing this moisture as precipitation as the air cools as it descends on the leeward side of the range.
  4. These air masses are blocked by these mountain ranges producing high annual amounts of precipitation on the windward sides of these mountain ranges.
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11999

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Rachel Carson would most likely have endorsed which of the following statements?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12000

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The graph below shows  the  growth  rates  of  populations  of  bacteria  that  have  evolved  for  many  generations  at different culture temperatures (25°C, 30°C, and 35°C). Each population grows over only a limited range of temperatures (its thermal niche), which are bounded by its critical thermal limits. Within this range, growth rate increases with temperature up to a maximal value and then declines rapidly with increasing temperature. Growth rates are known to be the major determinant of fitness for these bacteria.

Which of the following is true concerning the thermal dependence of growth rate   between 25°C and 30°C in these populations?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12001

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The  graph  below  shows  the  growth  rates  of  populations  of  bacteria  that  have  evolved  for  many  generations  at different culture temperatures (25°C, 30°C, and 35°C). Each population grows over only a limited range of temperatures (its thermal niche), which are bounded by its critical thermal limits. Within this range, growth rate increases with temperature up to a maximal value and then declines rapidly with increasing temperature. Growth rates are known to be the major determinant of fitness for these bacteria.


Which population has the highest fitness at 25°C ? 
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12002

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Which of the following can be correctly concluded from this experiment?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12003

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The  graph  below  shows  the  growth  rates  of  populations  of  bacteria  that  have  evolved  for  many  generations  at different culture temperatures (25°C, 30°C, and 35°C). Each population grows over only a limited range of temperatures (its thermal niche), which are bounded by its critical thermal limits. Within this range, growth rate increases with temperature up to a maximal value and then declines rapidly with increasing temperature. Growth rates are known to be the major determinant of fitness for these bacteria.

If all three populations were mixed together and placed at 37°C, which of the following would  be most likely to happen?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12004

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The figure above shows the distribution of 10 plant species that grow along a regular environmental gradient, such as depth of the water table in a river valley. All other environmental factors are similar. This figure demonstrates that