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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10376

Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing rhizobia release nodulation (Nod) factors as signaling agents as they near the surface of a legume root. The interaction between specific nod factors and their corresponding receptors. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

#Botany
  1. Nod factors are lipochitin oligosaccharides that bind to a specific class of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) in a species-specific manner
  2. The receptor has two heterodimer, Nod factor receptor 1 and 5 (NFR1 and NFR5). Both have three extracellular LysM domains
  3. Nod factor receptors (NFRs) contain extracellular LysM motifs, initiates an interaction with the conserved SYMRK receptor-like kinases containing a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain
  4. The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the cytosol, presumably via a second messenger molecule
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 39277

#Plant Biotechnology

Q. Which of the following traits is most likely to arise as a novel characteristic in somatic hybrids?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 39278

#Plant Biotechnology

Q. Consider the following statements regarding cytoplasm transfer via somatic hybridization:
Statement I: Cytoplasm transfer that normally takes 6–7 years via backcrossing can be achieved in just one year using protoplast fusion.
Statement II: Iodoacetate is used to inactivate the nucleus of the recipient parent protoplasts.
Statement III: Irradiation of donor protoplasts is used to inactivate their nuclei.
Statement IV: The resulting cybrids contain the nucleus of parent A and mitochondria of parent B.
Which of the statements are correct?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 39279

#Plant Biotechnology

Q. Regarding the tomato × Solanum acaule cybrids:
Statement I: Regenerants were morphologically and cytologically similar to tomato.
Statement II: They exhibited cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) inherited maternally.
Statement III: CMS expression disappeared after one generation.
Statement IV: Some regenerants had malformed or nonfunctional pollen.
Which statements are correct?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 39280

#Plant Biotechnology

Q. Regarding cybridization for male sterile line development:
Statement I: Cybrids allow rapid transfer of mitochondria even across sexually incompatible species.
Statement II: Male sterile lines developed via protoplast fusion can be used for hybrid seed production using CMS restorers.
Statement III: Nuclear genomes are exchanged between donor and recipient protoplasts in cybridization.
Which statements are correct?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 39281

#Plant Biotechnology

Q. Statement I: Conventional backcrossing is a more time-efficient method for cytoplasm transfer compared to somatic hybridization. 
Statement II: Protoplast fusion can achieve cytoplasm transfer in approximately one year.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 39282

#Plant Biotechnology

Q. Statement I: In the cybrid approach, iodoacetate is used to inactivate the nuclei of the recipient strain (Parent A). 
Statement II: Irradiation is used to inactivate the nuclei of the donor strain (Parent B) to ensure only its cytoplasm is transferred.