Given below are two statements:

Statement I: A shuttle vector is designed to allow the cloning of a gene in E. coli and its subsequent expression in a eukaryotic cell.

Statement II: pBR322 is a classic example of a shuttle vector because it can replicate in both animals and bacteria.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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#Question id: 40230

#Applied Microbiology

Match the specialized structures/enzymes with the corresponding nitrogen fixer:

List-I (Structure/Enzyme)	List-II (Microorganism)
(A). Heterocyst	(I). Rhizobium
(B). Leghaemoglobin	(II). Anabaena
(C). Respiratory Protection	(III). Clostridium
(D). Anaerobic N-fixation	(IV). Azotobacter

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#Question id: 40231

#Botany

Match List-I with List-II

LIST-I (Plant Name)	LIST-II (Family)
A. Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut)	I. Pedaliaceae
B. Sesamum indicum (Sesame)	II. Malvaceae
C. Linum usitatissimum (Flax)	III. Fabaceae
D. Gossypium hirsutum (Cotton)	IV. Linaceae

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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#Question id: 40232

#Applied Microbiology

In SDS-PAGE, which of the following reagents is specifically responsible for unfolding the tertiary structure of proteins by coating them with a uniform negative charge?

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#Question id: 40233

#Applied Microbiology

Consider the following statements regarding vertical gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE):

Statement I: The separation of proteins in SDS-PAGE is primarily based on their intrinsic isoelectric point (pI).

Statement II: Dithiothreitol (DTT) can be used as an alternative to beta-mercaptoethanol to achieve protein reduction.

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#Question id: 40234

#Applied Microbiology

Assertion (A): In the absence of beta-mercaptoethanol, a multimeric protein linked by disulfide bridges will migrate as a single large band.

Reason (R): beta-mercaptoethanol acts by oxidizing the thiol groups of cysteine residues to form stable covalent bonds.

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#Question id: 40235

#Applied Microbiology

Match the reagent with its specific role in vertical gel electrophoresis:

List-I (Reagent)	List-II (Function)
(A). Glycerol	(I). Catalyst for polymerization
(B). Ammonium Persulfate (APS)	(II). Increases sample density for loading
(C). Glycine	(III). Provides buffering ions in the running buffer
(D). Polyacrylamide	(IV). Acts as the supporting matrix (sieve)