Match the Photosynthetic Complexes in LIST-I with their specific characteristics/components in LIST-II.

LIST-I (Complex)	LIST-II (Characteristic)
A. Photosystem I (PS I)	I. Located on the inner side of thylakoid membrane; associated with Oxygen Evolving Complex (OEC)
B. Photosystem II (PS II)	II. Reaction center is P700; involved in both cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation
C. Cytochrome b6f Complex	III. Mobile electron carrier found on the lumen side of the thylakoid membrane
D. Plastocyanin	IV. Acts as a proton pump, transferring protons from stroma to lumen

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#Question id: 40237

#Applied Microbiology

Which of the following groups of scientists is credited with the discovery of restriction enzymes, the "molecular scissors" essential for genetic engineering?

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#Question id: 40238

#Applied Microbiology

Consider the following statements regarding pioneer microbiologists:

• Statement I: Sergei Winogradsky developed the enrichment culture technique to isolate specific microorganisms.

• Statement II: Martinus Beijerinck was the first person to isolate a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, Clostridium pasteurianum.

Which of the following is correct?

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#Question id: 40239

#Applied Microbiology

Assertion (A): The experiments conducted by Beadle and Tatum on Neurospora crassa were pivotal in establishing the field of biochemical genetics.

Reason (R): Their work led to the formulation of the "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis, which directly linked genes to the production of specific proteins (enzymes).

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#Question id: 40240

#Applied Microbiology

Match the scientist(s) in Column A with their contribution in Column B.

Column A (Scientist)	Column B (Contribution)
(P) Beadle and Tatum	(i) Chemolithotrophy and nitrogen fixation
(Q) Martinus Beijerinck	(ii) Discovery of restriction endonucleases
(R) Sergei Winogradsky	(iii) One gene-one enzyme hypothesis
(S) Arber, Nathans, and Smith	(iv) Coined the term "virus" and enrichment culture

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#Question id: 40241

#Botany

Read the following statements regarding beverage plants:

Statement I: Commercial tea is obtained from the processed leaves of Camellia sinensis, which belongs to the family Theaceae.

Statement II: Coffee is obtained from the roasted seeds of Coffea arabica, which belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae.

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#Question id: 40242

#Botany

Match List-I with List-II

LIST-I (Botanical Name)	LIST-II (Economically Useful Part)
A. Crocus sativus (Saffron)	I. Dried rhizome
B. Syzygium aromaticum (Clove)	II. Dried stigmas and tops of styles
C. Curcuma longa (Turmeric)	III. Dried oleo-gum-resin
D. Ferula assa-foetida (Hing)	IV. Dried unopened flower buds

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