In some cells, there are many ion electrochemical gradients across the plasma membrane even though there are usually only one or two proton pumps present in the membrane. The gradients of the other ions are most likely accounted for by:

#Question id: 466

#Part-B Specialized Branches in Biotechnology

When a reduction half-reaction is ________ (negative, positive), electrons flow to the more readily reduced substance which is ________ (negative, positive) in value.

#Question id: 467

#Part-B Specialized Branches in Biotechnology

The standard potential for electron transfer can be related to the standard free-energy change for redox reactions by using

#Question id: 532

#Part-B Specialized Branches in Biotechnology

In glycolysis, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is converted to two products with a standard free-energy change (DG'°) of 23.8 kJ/mol.  Under what conditions (encountered in a normal cell) will the free-energy change (DG) be negative, enabling the reaction to proceed to the right?

#Question id: 533

#Part-B Specialized Branches in Biotechnology

Glucose, labeled with 14C in different carbon atoms, is added to a crude extract of a tissue rich in the enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway.  The most rapid production of 14CO2 will occur when the glucose is labeled in:

#Question id: 544

#Part-A Aptitude & General Biotechnology

One of the enzymes involved in glycolysis, aldolase, requires Zn2+ for catalysis. Under conditions of zinc deficiency, when the enzyme may lack zinc, it would be referred to as the:

#Question id: 544

#Part-B Specialized Branches in Biotechnology

One of the enzymes involved in glycolysis, aldolase, requires Zn2+ for catalysis. Under conditions of zinc deficiency, when the enzyme may lack zinc, it would be referred to as the: