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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8213

Autophagy occurs in the following sequence of steps:

Induction by activation of mTOR complex 1

• Nucleation of autophagosome formation by ATG9

• Closure of the membrane cup to form autophagosome

• Fusion of the autophagosome with lysosomes, catalyzed by SNAREs.

• Digestion of the inner membrane and the lumenal contents of the autophagosome


#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology #Peroxisome & Lysosome #Part B Pointers
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10343

#Section 2: General Biology

The heavy chain is then expressed on the cell surface in combination with the surrogate light chain, which is made up of VpreB and λ5. 
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10344

#Section 2: General Biology

B- cell maturation
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10345

#Section 2: General Biology

T1 and T2 Transitional B Cells
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10346

#Section 2: General Biology

T1 cells are mIgMhi, mIgD -/lo, CD21-, CD23-, CD24+, and CD93+. 
T2 cells differ from T1 cells in having higher levels of mIgD and in expressing CD21 and CD23. 
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10347

#Section 2: General Biology

Transitional B cells bound for a follicular fate undergo positive and negative selection in the spleen.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10348

#Section 2: General Biology

BAFF-R expression is first detected in T1 B cells and increases steadily there after.

Signaling through the BAFF/BAFF-R axis promotes survival of transitional B cells by inducing the synthesis of anti-apoptotic factors such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Mcl-1