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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8859

During G1, 
cohesins associate with chromosomes by cohesin loading factors Scc2 and Scc4 and unloaded continuously by a cohesin associated complex Pds5 and Wap1 proteins. 

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology #Steps in cell cycle, regulation and control of cell cycle #Part B Pointers
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8956

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Mixtures of exons duplicated from genes with different functions can generate new genes with new functions, a process that is called exon shuffling.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8957

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Gene duplication happens on a massive scale when whole genome duplication occur. whole genome duplication are two type, 
1.Autopolyploid
2.Allopolyploid
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8958

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Genetic exchange also happens between distantly related organisms by horizontal gene transfer, or HGT.

HGT is particularly important to prokarytotes and is the most common way by which they acquire new genes.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8959

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Intimacy between the genomes of the mitochondria and the nucleus within a cell, it may not be surprising that extensive HGT has occurred between them
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2232

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

De novo genes -New Genes in organisms ranging from yeast to humans that did indeed originate from noncoding DNA,
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8961

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

No matter how it is born, a new gene starts its life as a single copy in the population.

As with any new mutation, by far the most likely outcome is that it will be lost by random drift or selection over the next few generations