TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8972

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Gene Structure

The genes that code for many proteins are broken into pieces. These pieces—the exons—are separated by stretches of noncoding DNA—the introns

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8973

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

The current record holder is the gene Dscam in Drosophila. Alternative splicing of its 95 exons could potentially produce more than 38,000 kinds of proteins from this single gene.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8974

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2249

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Chromosome Evolution

Fissions and fusion is the most common way for the number of chromosomes to change.

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, but all of the other great apes have 24 pairs. At some point since our lineage split from that of chimpanzees, two chromosomes fused

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8975

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8976

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Rate of evolution = Number of amino acid different / Total time

Hint:  Total time = 2xT

Rate of Change per amino acid per year = rate of evolution / total amino acid