A steam steriliser is used to sterilise liquid medium for fermentation. The initial concentration of contaminating organisms is 10⁸ per litre. For design purposes, the final acceptable level of contamination is usually taken to be 10^-3cells; this corresponds to a risk that one batch in a thousand will remain contaminated even after the sterilisation process is complete. For how long should 1 m³ medium be treated if the temperature is 140⁰C ________________.

        To be safe, assume that the contaminants present are spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus, one of the most heat-resistant microorganisms known. For these spores the activation energy for thermal death is 283 kJ gmo1^-1 and the Arrhenius constant is 10^36.2 s^-1

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#Question id: 14126

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Which of the following statement is incorrect about homology and sequence similarity?

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#Question id: 15549

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

k for a zero order reaction is 2×10^-2 mol/L s. If the concentration of the reactant after 25s is 0.5 M. Calculate the initial concentration of the reactant.

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#Question id: 18013

#Section 1: Engineering Mathematics

Each of five questions on a multiple-choice examination has four choices, only one of which is correct. The student is attempting to guess the answers. The random variable X is the number of questions answer correctly. Probability that the student will get At least one correct answer.

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#Question id: 24084

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

The first-order reaction A → B, has k = 5.67 s^–1. If [A]₀ = 0.500 M, how long will it take [A] = 0.124 M?

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#Question id: 14942

#Section 1: Engineering Mathematics

If f(x, y) = ln (x² + y²) then