In a trickling biological filter, the BOD value of the feed stream is S_0i = 500 mg/l with a feed flow of F = 10³ l/h. The effluent BOD value is desired to be S₀ = 10 mg/l. The following kinetic parameters for the biocatalysts are known: r_m = 20 mg/S/l .h and K_s = 200 mg S/l. The biofilm thickness is L = 0.1 mm. The cross-sectional area of the filter is A = 2 m² , and the biofilm surface area per unit volume of the bed is a = 500 cm² /cm³ . Assume that dissolved oxygen is the rate-limiting substrate and the diffusion coefficient of oxygen is D_O2 = 2 × 10^-5 cm² /s. Determine the required height of the bed. You can assume first-order bioreaction kinetics?

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#Question id: 3341

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

In a given population of 400 individuals, 64 percent of population is caused  cancer due to completely dominat allele B. Assuming the population is in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium, which of the following is the expected proportion of individuals who are not expected to develop the cancer?

#Question id: 3342

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Neutral alleles are those that do not alter fitness and average reproductive success does not differ between individuals that carry one neutral allele or the other. The frequencies of these neutral alleles may change in a population by

#Question id: 3343

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Following genotype frequency as hardy Weinberg genetic equilibrium in figure. What is the frequency of A1 and A2 allele?

#Question id: 3344

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding effect of genetic drift?

#Question id: 3345

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Some evolutionary force lead to genetic differences between populations while following are counteracts this tendency and tends to keep populations homogeneous in their allelic frequencies?

#Question id: 3346

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Hardy- Weinberg model?