In light reaction, the funneling of excitation from the antenna system toward the reaction centre has been shown,

a.) The excited-state energy of pigments increases with distance from the reaction centre; that is, pigments closer to the reaction centre are lower in energy than those farther from the reaction centre

b.) The energy gradient ensures that excitation transfer toward the reaction centre is energetically favorable and that excitation transfer back out to the peripheral portions of the antenna is energetically unfavourable

c.) Some energy is lost as heat to the environment by this process, but under optimal conditions almost all the excitation energy absorbed in the antenna complexes can be delivered to the reaction centre

d.) The excited-state energy of  pigments decreases with distance from the reaction centre

Which of the following above combination is true?

#Question id: 3251

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Looking at 3 allele per locus and following Hardy Weinberg equilibrium what will be the expected heterozygosity if q1=0.5, q2=0.3, q3=0.2

#Question id: 3252

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

 The unaffected brother of a cystic fibrosis affected girl is referred for genetic counseling. Assume that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Which of the following is correct?  (Cystic fibrosis is an autosomes recessive inheritance with an incidence of 1 in 2500).

#Question id: 3253

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

In a population 64% individuals of 1000 population are affected with autosomes dominant diseased. How many individuals are expected carry at least one dominant allele?

#Question id: 3254

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Consider a single locus with 2 alleles which are at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. If the frequency of the heterozygous genotypes is 0.42, what is the frequency of one homozygote in the population?

#Question id: 3255

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

The body weight of offspring of bird species is range between 12 gm to 18 gm. In a laboratory experiment, species was subjected to selection pressure having influence on the offspring body weight. After many generations of experimental selection pressure, the body weight range between 16 gm to 24 gm. Which of the following natural selection operate on this species?

#Question id: 3255

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

The body weight of offspring of bird species is range between 12 gm to 18 gm. In a laboratory experiment, species was subjected to selection pressure having influence on the offspring body weight. After many generations of experimental selection pressure, the body weight range between 16 gm to 24 gm. Which of the following natural selection operate on this species?