Individual A can derive fitness benefit of 220 units by helping Individual B, but incurs a fitness cost of 50 units in doing so following Hamilton’s rule, which of the following relation is not apply for altruism?

#Question id: 4615

#Section 2: Evolution

Currently, two of the living elephant species (X and Y) are placed in the genus Loxodonta, and a third surviving species (Z) is placed in the genus Elephas. Assuming this classification reflects evolutionary relatedness, which of the following is the most accurate phylogenetic tree?

#Question id: 4616

#Section 2: Evolution

Logically, which of these should cast the most doubt on the relationships depicted by an evolutionary tree?

#Question id: 4617

#Section 2: Evolution

Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which natural selection is based?

#Question id: 4618

#Section 2: Evolution

Which of the following observations helped Darwin shape his concept of descent with modification?

#Question id: 4619

#Section 2: Evolution

Within six months of effectively using methicillin to treat S. aureus infections in a community, all new S.aureus infections were caused by MRSA. How can this best be explained?

#Question id: 4620

#Section 2: Evolution

The upper forelimbs of humans and bats have fairly similar skeletal structures, whereas the corresponding bones in whales have very different shapes and proportions. However, genetic data suggest that all three kinds of organisms diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these data?