A populations of scale insects exhibited superior survival when transplanted within, rather than between, ponderosa pine trees. Variation in antiherbivore defenses among individual ponderosa pines thus appears to be paralleled by variation in genotypes of the scale insects that infest them. If this is the case, then the experiment demonstrates __________.

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#Question id: 11169

#Section 1: Ecology

The viceroy butterfly (limenitis archippus) resembles the queen butterfly (danaus gilippus), a species toxic to birds because of alkaloids it stores during larval development from the milkweeds it feeds upon. The viceroy butterfly is an example of what kind of defense against predation?

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#Question id: 12291

#Section 1: Ecology

A school of fish splitting in two and baffling a predator is an example of the ____________.

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#Question id: 9577

#Section 1: Ecology

The epidermal coloration of the African grasshopper is a striking example of irreversible developmental responses to environmental conditions. Which of the following statements is true?

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#Question id: 12155

#Section 2: Evolution

Under which of the following conditions do the mathematical models for competition tell us that coexistence of two competing species is most likely? 

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#Question id: 12757

#Section 5: Applied Ecology & Evolution

Biomanipulation can best be described as