Which factors (limited space or overcrowding; limited food; Predators; parasite and diseased) tend to act in a density-dependent manner; Tony Sinclair (1989) many studies of density dependence in 51 populations of insects, 82 populations of large mammals, and 36 populations of small mammals and birds. Which of the following observation is most likely true?

a) Insects showed a wide variety of causes of density dependence and no one density-dependent factor was of overriding importance

b) The lesser the amount of available food, the greater the mortality of large mammals

c) Space and social interactions were more important for smaller mammals and birds, because they are more territorial

#Question id: 10633

#Section 2: Evolution

Following some characteristic feature of r selected species

A. late maturity

B. Provision of parental care

C. High mortality during early stages of life

D. large clutch size

What is the above combination is correct?

#Question id: 10634

#Section 2: Evolution

Consider a population which is changing from one generation to the next as per the equation N(t) = R*N(t-1), where N(t) represents the size of the population at time t and R is a constant growth parameter. Under what condition is the population likely to go extinct?

#Question id: 10635

#Section 2: Evolution

Three important biological parameters – generation time, per capita growth rate (r) and clutch size are a function of the organism‟s body size. Which of the curves (a) or (b) represents the correct relation of each of the parameters to body size?

#Question id: 10636

#Section 2: Evolution

The demographic transition model depicts demographic changes from high- to low-level births and deaths in five stages

Stage 1 is characterized by total population numbers are low and the high birth rate is balanced by the high death rate.

B) Stage 2 is characterized by high population growth rate is results of high birth rate however, decline death rate

C) Stage 4 is characterized by decline in the proportion of the population in the reproductive age group and these changes stabilizes population size

D) Stage 3 is characterized by falling birth rates and death rates and population growth rate is zero due to the less numbers of people in the reproductive age group

#Question id: 10637

#Section 2: Evolution

Which of the following graph represent logistic growth pattern and exponential growth respectively? 

#Question id: 10638

#Section 2: Evolution

Following some statement is given

A- Mortality rate constant over age group 

B- Greater proportional survival at older age

C. Follow type III survivorship curve

D. Follow type II survivorship curve

Which of the following above statement is correct?