Ozone layer depletion, since the 1970s, is primarily

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10819

#Section 1: Ecology

According to the competitive exclusion principle, potential competitors can only coexist through

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 15716

#Section 2: Evolution

Evolutionary biology extends and amplifies the explanation of biological phenomena. It complements studies of the proximate causes (immediate, mechanical causes) of biological phenomena If we ask what causes a male bird to sing, the proximate causes include the action of testosterone or other hormones

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 4709

#Section 2: Evolution

 The horizontal axis of the cladogram depicted below is a timeline that extends from 100,000 years ago to the present; the vertical axis represents nothing in particular. The labeled branch points on the tree (V-Z) represent various common ancestors. Let's say that only since 50,000 years ago has there been enough variation between the lineages depicted here to separate them into distinct species, and only the tips of the lineages on this tree represent distinct species.

 In Darwin's tree of life, each fork in the tree represents ________.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16884

#Section 3: Mathematics and Quantitative Ecology

A prospective observational study on the relationship between sleep deprivation and heart disease was done by Ayas, et. al. (Arch Intern Med 2003). Women who slept at most 5 hours a night were compared to women who slept for 8 hours a night (reference group). After adjusting for potential confounding variables like smoking, a 95% confidence interval for the relative risk of heart disease was (1.10, 1.92). Based on this confidence interval, a consistent conclusion would be

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10841

#Section 1: Ecology

An animal that is cryptically coloured probably