Hh binds to Ptc, causing Ptc to be endocytosed from the cell surface and degraded, relieving the inhibition of Smo.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9038

#XL - T Zoology

The levels of insulin present in the body and the Kd for binding of insulin to its receptor on liver cells,

1.4 × 10−10 M (0.14 nM). The normal concentration of insulin in the blood is  5 × 10−12 M. 

The fraction of insulin receptors with bound insulin, [RL]/[RT], at equilibrium as 0.0344

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9039

#XL - T Zoology

The tighter the binding of a ligand to its receptor,the lower the concentration of ligand needed to achieve binding to 50 percent of the receptors.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9040

#XL - T Zoology

GPCR function as GEFs for heterotrimeric G protein.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9041

#XL - T Zoology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9042

#XL - T Zoology

Heterotrimeric G proteins directly bind to and are activated by G protein coupled receptors.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9043

#XL - T Zoology

Switching mechanism of monomeric G proteins 

“On” state, switch I and switch II, are bound to the terminal γ phosphate of GTP with the backbone amide groups of conserved T & G.