III. Vascular plants  (pteridophyta)

EVOLUTION OF LEAVES

spore-bearing leaves called sporophylls

In terms of size and complexity, leaves can be classified as either microphylls or megaphylls

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8156

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Two different kinds of sorting signals:

Membrane cargo proteins carry cytoplasmic sorting signals

Soluble cargo proteins carry luminal sorting signals

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8157

#XL - Q Biochemistry

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8158

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Soluble ER-resident proteins contain C-terminal KDEL sorting signal that allows them to be retrieved. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8159

#XL - Q Biochemistry

KDEL receptor, located mainly in the cis-Golgi network and in both COPII and COPI vesicles, binds proteins bearing the KDEL sorting signal and returns them to the ER

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8160

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The KDEL receptor and other membrane proteins that

are transported Golgi to ER contain 

Lys-Lys-X-X sequence at C-terminal

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8161

#XL - Q Biochemistry

KKXX sorting signal,

binds to a complex of the COPI α and β subunits