Feature of root

Most Vascular plants has two types of roots;

I. Primary Roots (Tap root) that grow downward

II. Secondary Roots that branch out to the side

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9280

#XL - R Botany

The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9281

#XL - R Botany

Root hair cellular responses to bacterial Nod factor

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9282

#XL - R Botany

Plant genes expressed early, or in the absence of bacterial infection, are termed “early nodulins” or ENOD

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#Id: 9283

#XL - R Botany

Three factors are important in maintaining low O2 concentrations in nodules. 

First, entry of O2 into the nodule is controlled by a variable‐permeability barrier in the nodule parenchyma

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9284

#XL - R Botany

O2‐binding plant protein Lb plays an active role in regulating and delivering O2 in the infected cells

Bacterial respiration is the major O2 sink

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9285

#XL - R Botany

O2‐sensitive hemoprotein kinase FixL controls a regulatory cascade that activates transcription of nitrogen fixation genes