When blood glucose rises above 5 mM, hexokinase IV activity increases, but hexokinase I is already operating near Vmax and cannot respond to an increase in glucose concentration. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9691

#XL - T Zoology

Movement of the GSVs to the plasma membrane is regulated by two monomeric GTP-binding proteins -RalA and Rab10

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9692

#XL - T Zoology

Insulin receptor activates the PI-3 kinase/PKB pathway

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9693

#XL - T Zoology

Active PKB, phosphorylates

and inhibits the GTP→GDP hydrolysis activity of two GAP

proteins - AS160 and RGC

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9694

#XL - T Zoology

Phosphorylation causes the binding of AS160 to the 

14-3-3 protein that sequesters it in the cytosol away from its target Rab proteins

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9695

#XL - T Zoology

In the basal state, 

GAPs inhibit RalA and Rab10 function by enhancing their rates of GTP hydrolysis

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9696

#XL - T Zoology

Phosphorylation of both GAPs by PKB allows RalA and the Rab10 to accumulate in their active GTP-bound states, enabling them to facilitate GSVs targeting and fusion