Populational change is Darwin’s hypothesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions (frequencies) of different variant kinds of individuals within a population.

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#Id: 9333

#XL - T Zoology

An evolutionarily conserved family of receptor serine kinases - TGF-β receptor family

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An evolutionarily conserved family of signaling molecules, TGF-β superfamily includes: 

TGF-β family, Nodal and activin families, BMPs, Vg1 family, GDNF, AMH

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Drosophila homolog of TGF-β = Dpp

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Kinase domains in TGF-β receptors phosphorylate and trigger the activation of a conserved class of transcription factors - Smads

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Principal function of all 3 human TGF-β isoforms, TGF-β1, 2, and 3:

Prevent cell proliferation by inducing the synthesis of p15 INK4B

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#Id: 9338

#XL - T Zoology

Monomeric active forms of all members of the TGF-β family (3 conserved intramolecular disulfide Linkages) contain a conserved cysteine residue that forms a disulfide bond links TGF-β monomers into functional homodimers

and heterodimers