Richard hypothesis 

d/w = resource separation ratio.

d/w < 1, species cannot coexist;

1 < d/w < 3, there will be some competition between species

d/w > 3, species coexist harmoniously

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#Id: 8422

#XL - T Zoology

The difference between the birth rate and the death rate determines the rate of natural increase or decrease

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#Id: 8423

#XL - T Zoology

Parental investment - The amount of time and energy given to an offspring by its parents. 

Longevity - The life span of an organism. Also known as Life expectancy

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#Id: 8424

#XL - T Zoology

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#Id: 8425

#XL - T Zoology

Fecundity - The number of offspring produced by an organism per reproductive episode. 

Parity - The number of reproductive episodes an organism experiences. 

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#Id: 8426

#XL - T Zoology

Senescence - A gradual decrease in fecundity and an increase in the probability of mortality.

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#Id: 8427

#XL - T Zoology

Principle of allocation - The observation that when resources are devoted to one body structure, physiological function, or behavior, they cannot be allotted to another.