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#XL - R Botany

The flower

Perfect flowers have both an androecium and a gynoecium

Imperfect flowers have one or the other and are termed pistillate if they contain female reproductive structures or staminate if only male reproductive structures

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#XL - R Botany

Symmetry of flowers

actinomorphic (radial symmetry).

Example;  Mustard, datura, chilli.

(Brassicaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae family)

zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry).

Example;   pea, gulmohur, bean, Cassia.

(Fabaceae family)

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#XL - R Botany

Flower is asymmetric (irregular)

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#XL - R Botany

Parts of flowers

Sepals collectively form the calyx, 

The calyx may be gamosepalous  (sepals united) or polysepalous (sepals free)

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#XL - R Botany

The next internal whorl is the corolla and is composed of petals. corolla may be also united gamopetalous (petals united) or polypetalous (petals free).

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#XL - R Botany

Types of flowers

Hypogynous flower- The ovary in such flowers is said to be superior,  e.g., mustard, china rose and brinjal.

Perigynous flower- The ovary here is said to be half inferior. e.g., plum, rose, peach. (Rosaceae)

Epigynous flowers, the ovary is said to be inferior. e.g., guava and cucumber, and the ray florets of sunflower.