The heterotrimeric G protein coupled to rhodopsin, called transducin (Gt)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9431

#XL - T Zoology

Bateman put several males and females together in bottles for several days. 

He concluded that the number of offspring sired by a male increased in proportion to the number of females he mated.

In contrast, the number of offspring produced by a female did not increase with the number of males she mated.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9432

#XL - T Zoology

The outcome of sexual selection is strongly influenced by the operational sex ratio

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9433

#XL - T Zoology

Mate choice and benefit

Mate choice increase the reproductive success.

Mate choice is result of sexual selection.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9434

#XL - T Zoology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9435

#XL - T Zoology

Monogamy

Each individual mates exclusively with one partner over at least a single breeding cycle and sometimes for longer.

Monogamy occurs in fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, but it is only commonly observed in birds, some rodents, and a few primate species.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9436

#XL - T Zoology

Several hypotheses explain the existence of monogamy.

1. Mate-guarding hypothesis, a male stays with a female to protect her from being fertilized by other males.

2. The male assistance hypothesis maintains that males remain with females to help them rear their offspring.

3. The female-enforced monogamy, females stop their male partners from being polygynous.