Caused of behaviour

Proximate causes - The subject of cell biology, neurobiology, and many other biological disciplines

Ultimate causes - Their historical causes, especially the action of natural selection

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8213

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Autophagy occurs in the following sequence of steps:

Induction by activation of mTOR complex 1

• Nucleation of autophagosome formation by ATG9

• Closure of the membrane cup to form autophagosome

• Fusion of the autophagosome with lysosomes, catalyzed by SNAREs.

• Digestion of the inner membrane and the lumenal contents of the autophagosome

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8212

#XL - Q Biochemistry

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8211

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Autophagosome, or autophagic vesicle

formation of a flattened double-membrane cup-shaped structure that envelops a region of the cytosol or an entire organelle.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8210

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Autophagy (“eating oneself”)

When cells are placed under stressful conditions, they have the capacity to recycle macromolecules for use as nutrients in a process of lysosomal degradation.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8209

#XL - Q Biochemistry

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8208

#XL - Q Biochemistry

There are 4 paths from different sources feed substances into lysosomes for digestion:

• Endocytosis

• Phagocytosis

• Macropinocytosis

• Autophagy