Just as muscles become strengthened by work, more strongly exercised organs attract and become enlarged by the “nervous fluid.” 

Acquired during an individual’s lifetime, are inherited—a principle called inheritance of acquired characteristics.

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#XL - S Microbiology

TLS Online TPP Program

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#XL - S Microbiology

Bacterial Nod genes are activated to initiate nodulation in plants by plant signals flavonoids

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#XL - S Microbiology

NodD proteins interact directly with the signals generated by the plants and activates most conserved Nod ABC genes in bacteria

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NodA is an N-acyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of a fatty acyl chain.

NodB is a chitin-oligosaccharide deacetylase that removes the acetyl group from the terminal nonreducing sugar.

NodC is a chitin-oligosaccharide synthase that links N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers.

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#XL - S Microbiology

Nod factor is b-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine backbone

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#XL - S Microbiology

Type III/Type IV secretion systems play a major role in transfer of bacterial Nod factor in plant cell.