Pfr is the physiologically active forms of Phytochrome

Wild type: short hypocotyl by white light

hy mutant (phytochrome mutant): long hypocotyl by white light

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Classification of peteridophytes

III.EQUISETOPHYTA (HORSE TAILS)

 Eg: Equisetum

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Classification of peteridophytes

IV.  Filicophyta(Ferns)

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IV. Gymnosperm

non-flowering plants

Naked seeds (fruits are not produced)

Heterosporous- life cycle

Better adaptation for land habitat

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IV.Gymnosperm

Fertilization- Siphonogamous

Shows secondary growth- due to cambium

Seeds are borne on cones

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IV.Gymnosperm

They are perennials and woody plants

They bear tap roots

Ovules - Orthotropous & covered by single integument

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IV.Gymnosperm

Sexual reproduction-Oogamous

Female gametophyte is made up of n endosperm on which 2-8 archegonia are present