Plants that increase stem extension in response to shading are said to exhibit a shade avoidance response.

As shading increases, the R:FR ratio decreases. Shade means far red light

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8163

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Vesicles coated with AP1 and clathrin bind to  proteins containing a Tyr-X-X-Φ sequence

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8164

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Vesicles coated with GGA proteins and clathrin bind to proteins containing 

Asp-X-Leu-Leu and Asp-Phe-Gly-X-Φ sequences

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8165

#XL - Q Biochemistry

TANGO1 is an ER membrane protein that acts as a cargo receptor for collagen.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8166

#XL - Q Biochemistry

CFTR protein contains

a di-acidic sorting signal that binds to the Sec24 subunit

of the COPII vesicle coat and is necessary for transport of

the CFTR protein out of the ER.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8167

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Most common CFTR mutation is a ΔF508 -

Prevents normal transport of CFTR to the plasma membrane by blocking its packaging into COPII vesicles budding from the ER. 

Change the conformation of the cytosolic portion of CFTR so that the signal is unable to bind to Sec24.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8168

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Rab GTPases 

associate with transport vesicles and act as key regulators of vesicle trafficking to and fusion with the appropriate target membrane.