Pollen from one species germinates on the stigma of another related species and sexually fertilizes the ovule. Most of the resulting plants are sterile but some of the resulting offspring undergo chromosome duplication resulting fertile plants. The fertile offspring are known as

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#Question id: 8919

#XL - R Botany

The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a

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#Question id: 10509

#XL - R Botany

A different type of mechanical obstacle to herbivory is provided by mineral crystals that are present in many plant species, such as silica crystals known as

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#Question id: 16485

#XL - T Zoology

A modification of the original grid method is widely used to study the 

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#Question id: 5245

#XL - S Microbiology

Which method of gene transfer involves direct contact between the bacteria?

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#Question id: 4153

#XL - T Zoology

Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation is a complex process, and many of the signals remain unknown.  One known signal involves recognition of amino acids in a processed protein that are either stabilizing (Ala, Gly, Met, Ser, etc.) or destabilizing (Arg, Asp, Leu, Lys, Phe, etc.), and are located at: