TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12718


primary disruptions could be signaling the plant that a change in environmental conditions has occurred and that it’s time to respond by altering existing pathways or by activating stress-response pathways. At least five different types of stress-sensing mechanisms can be distinguished:

                       

                          COLUMN I

 

 

                              COLUMN II

 

A) Physical sensing

 

 

i) usually results from the detection of by-products that accumulate in cells due to the uncoupling of enzymatic or electron transfer reactions, such as the accumulation of ROS during stress caused by too much light.

 

 

B) Biophysical sensing

 

 

ii) often involves the presence of specialized proteins that have evolved to sense a particular stress; for example, calcium channels that can sense changes in temperature and alter Ca2+ homeostasis.

 

 

C) Metabolic sensing

 

 

iii) refers to modifications of DNA or RNA structure that do not alter genetic sequences, such as the changes in chromatin that occur during temperature stress.

 

 

D) Biochemical sensing

 

 

iv) refers to the mechanical effects of stress on the plant or cell structure, for example, the contraction of the plasma membrane from the cell wall during drought stress.

 

 

E) Epigenetic sensing

 

 

v) might involve changes in protein structure or enzymatic activity, such as the inhibition of different enzymes during heat stress.

 

 

  
Match the correct sequence sensing mechanism during in stress;

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant
  1. A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-v, E-ii
  2. A-v, B-iii, C-ii, D-i, E-iv
  3. A-ii, B-iv, C-v, D-iii, E-i
  4. A-iv, B-v, C-i, D-ii, E-iii
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 20402

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Cluster rule based on template and non-template, according to cluster rule mRNA a should be 

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#Question id: 20401

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

There were four rules of parity given by Erwin Chargaff 
1) Base A in one strand of the duplex is matched by (T) in the other strand, and base G in one strand of the duplex is matched by a complementary base (C) in the other strand
2) equal amounts of A and T, and equal amounts of C and G, in each single strand of the duplex. 
3) Purines in non-template strand applies more closely to Exons
4) GC content tends to be greater in exons than in introns
choose the correct option regarding rules 

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#Question id: 20400

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

There are four rules of parity given by Erwin Chargaff which of the following applies more closely to introns than exons

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#Question id: 4351

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

A Cycle of Peptide-Bond Formation Consumes

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#Question id: 4301

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which of the following proteins prevents eukaryotic mRNAs from being recruited to the ribosome prior to egg fertilization

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 4300

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Find correct order of cotranslational translocation in endoplasmic reticulum

A. Transfer of the nascent polypeptide–ribosome to the translocon leads to opening of this

translocation channel to admit the growing polypeptide adjacent to the signal sequence, which is transferred to a hydrophobic binding site next to the central pore. Both the SRP and SRP receptor, once dissociated from the translocon, hydrolyze their bound GTP and then are ready to initiate the insertion of another polypeptide chain.

B. As the polypeptide chain elongates, it passes through the translocon channel into the ER lumen, where the signal sequence is cleaved by signal peptidase and is rapidly degraded.

C. The SRP and the nascent polypeptide chain–ribosome complex bind to the SRP receptor in

the ER membrane. This interaction is strengthened by the binding of GTP to both the SRP and its receptor.

D. The ER signal sequence emerges from the ribosome; it is bound by a signal recognition particle (SRP).