In Drosophila melanogaster, vestigial wings are determined by a recessive allele of a gene that is linked to a gene with a recessive allele that determines black body color. T. H. Morgan crossed black-bodied, normal-winged females and gray-bodied, vestigial-winged males. The F1 were all gray bodied, normal winged. The F1 females were crossed to homozygous recessive males to produce testcross progeny. Morgan calculated the map distance to be 17 map units. Which of the following information is correct about the testcross progeny?

#Question id: 3488

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

According to Hamiltonʹs rule,

#Question id: 3487

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Which of the following is true of innate behaviors?

A) Genes have very little influence on the expression of innate behaviors.

B) Innate behaviors tend to vary considerably among members of a population.

C) Innate behaviors are limited to invertebrate animals.

D) Innate behaviors are expressed in most individuals in a population across a wide range of environmental conditions.

E) Innate behaviors occur in invertebrates and some vertebrates but not in mammals.

#Question id: 3486

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Which of the following might affect the foraging behavior of an animal in the context of optimal foraging?

A) risk of predation

B) prey size

C) prey defenses

#Question id: 3485

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Optimal foraging involves all of the following except

A) maximizing energy gained by the forager.

B) minimizing energy expended by the forager.

C) securing essential nutrients for the forager.

D) minimizing the risk of predation on the forager.

E) maximizing the population size of the forager

#Question id: 3484

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Modern behavioral concepts relate the cost of a behavior to its benefit. Under which relationship might a behavior be performed?

A) cost is greater than the benefit

B) cost is less than the benefit

C) cost is equal to the benefit

#Question id: 3483

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Which of the following statements about evolution of behavior is correct?

A) Natural selection will favor behavior that enhances survival and reproduction.

B) An animal may show behavior that maximizes reproductive fitness.

C) If a behavior is less than optimal, it is not completely evolved but will eventually,become optimal.