The “core autophagy machinery” controls the initiation and growth of the autophagosome and has been divided into three main protein groups:

i. A-ATG9, B-TOR, C-PI(3) Complex

ii. A- ATG9, B-PI(3) Complex, C-TOR

iii. The TOR kinase complex acts as a negative regulator of autophagy

iv. The TOR kinase complex acts as a positive regulator of autophagy

#Question id: 860

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Select true ‘T’ AND false ‘F’ about ubiquitinylation

I. These ubiquitin-like modifiers control processes as diverse as nuclear import,

II. Regulated by the ubiquitin-like modifier Sumo, and autophagy,

III. Regulated by the ubiquitin-like modifier Atg8.

IV. For a protein to be efficiently degraded, it must be linked to a chain of at least four tandemly linked ubiquitin molecules in which Lys 34 of each ubiquitin forms an isopeptide bond with the C-terminal carboxyl group of the following ubiquitin.

#Question id: 654

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Which pair represents different conformations?

#Question id: 655

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

A change from one conformation of a molecule to another involves ________.

#Question id: 656

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The ________ is the single shape a protein adopts under physiological conditions.

#Question id: 657

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Structural proteins that typically assemble into large cables or threads to provide mechanical support to cells or organisms are classified as ________ proteins.

#Question id: 658

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

To what level of structure do α-helices belong?