TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10376


Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing rhizobia release nodulation (Nod) factors as signaling agents as they near the surface of a legume root. The interaction between specific nod factors and their corresponding receptors. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant
  1. Nod factors are lipochitin oligosaccharides that bind to a specific class of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) in a species-specific manner
  2. The receptor has two heterodimer, Nod factor receptor 1 and 5 (NFR1 and NFR5). Both have three extracellular LysM domains
  3. Nod factor receptors (NFRs) contain extracellular LysM motifs, initiates an interaction with the conserved SYMRK receptor-like kinases containing a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain
  4. The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the cytosol, presumably via a second messenger molecule
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1243

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

One form of receptor desensitization can be mediated by negative feedback involving phosphorylation of the receptor itself by a kinase activated downstream of a second messenger. The phosphorylated receptor likely:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1242

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Rhodopsin, a light-sensitive GPCR whose role in vision is dependent on its phosphorylation status, is influenced in part by the protein arrestin.  Which of the following is TRUE with regard to rhodopsin and vision?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1241

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following is a common step in the opening/closing of ion channels by acetylcholine and rhodopsin binding to their receptors?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1239

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

GTPases serve in many signal transduction pathways and the presence of GTP or GDP dictates whether the pathway is on or off, respectively. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and the role in these signaling pathways?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1238

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following can lead to loss-of-heterozygosity in a tumor-suppressor gene?

a. deletion of the normal copy                       

b. non dysjunction during mitosis

c. somatic mutation of the normal copy

d. mitotic recombination between a wild-type and mutant allele

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1237

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Arrange the following events in the proper order in which they occur during transduction of the Notch/Delta signaling pathway:

a. cleavage of Notch by TACE                                  

b. binding of Delta to Notch

c. translocation of Notch segment to the nucleus      

d. interaction of Notch with transcription factors     

e. cleavage of Notch by Presenilin 1