In bottom sediments of lakes and streams, organic matter is broken down by heterotrophic microorganisms and ammonia is released. Under aerobic conditions, specialized bacteria convert ammonia to nitrate (nitrification). This nitrate, together with nitrate from other sources, diffuses into the deeper sediments, where it may undergo anaerobic conversion to nitrogen gas (denitrification). These sediments typically contain oligochaete worms that live with their heads buried and their tails waving back and forth in the overlying water. Plastic columns were packed with freshly collected stream sediments and then  covered  with  layers  of  nitrate enriched  water.  A similar  set  of  columns  was packed with sediment that had been sterilized and then covered with either nitrate-enriched water or distilled water. Oligochaete  worms  were  collected  and  acclimated  to  20°(C)Following  acclimation,  worms  were  rinsed  in  distilled water and then added to three sediment columns. The columns were incubated in the dark at 20°C and monitored every three days for changes in the concentration of nitrate in the overlying water. Nitrate concentrations in each of the experimental treatments were plotted against time, as shown in the graph below

It can be concluded from the figure that

#Question id: 19825

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The elicitor produced by a pathogen is which type of molecule 1. Protein encoded by an avirulence gene 2. Products of metabolic activity of this protein Which of them are correct?

1. Protein encoded by an avirulence gene

 2. Products of metabolic activity of this protein

Which of them are correct? 

Which of them are correct?ch of them are correct? 

#Question id: 19824

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Several biochemical reactions heading to the production of active oxygen species, phytoalexin biosynthesis occurs due to

#Question id: 19823

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The elicitors are recognized by receptor-like molecules present in resistant plants. This recognition initiates several biochemical reactions such as

1. Phytoalexin biosynthesis

2. Cell wall reinforcement

3. Release of hydrolytic enzymes

4. Rapid cell death

Which of the following is/are correct?

#Question id: 19822

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Recognition of which molecules by receptor-like molecules present in resistant plants initiates several biochemical reactions?

#Question id: 19821

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The incompatible reaction is found in obligate parasites, and is associated with hypersensitive response of the host triggered by certain unique molecules called 

#Question id: 19820

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The hypersensitive response is triggered by certain unique molecules, called elicitors, of pathogen origin. The elicitors are recognized by receptor-like molecules present in