Practice Questions

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#Question id: 5318

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, and chimps have 24 pairs of chromosomes. What is the most likely explanation for these differences in human and chimp genomes?

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

The common ancestor of humans and chimps had 24 pairs of chromosomes. During human evolution, two human chromosomes fused end to end.
In the evolution of chimps, new adaptations resulted from additional chromosomal material.
At some point in evolution, human and chimp ancestors reproduced with each other.
Errors in mitosis resulted in an additional pair of chromosomes in chimps.

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#Question id: 73

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Match the Variation of Reaction Spontaneity (Sign of ΔG) given in Column I with the Signs of ΔH and ΔS given in column II.

COLUMN I	COLUMN II
	ΔH	ΔS	ΔG = ΔH – TΔS
1.	−	+	a. The reaction is both enthalpically and entropically opposed. It is nonspontaneous (endergonic) at all temperatures.
2.	−	−	b. The reaction is enthalpically opposed (endothermic) but entropically favored. It is spontaneous only at temperatures above T = ΔH/ΔS.
3.	+	+	c. The reaction is enthalpically favored but entropically opposed. It is spontaneous only at temperatures below T = ΔH/ΔS.
4.	+	−	d. The reaction is both enthalpically favored (exothermic) and entropically favored. It is spontaneous (exergonic) at all temperatures.