Pseudomonas methylotrophus is used to produce single-cell protein from methanol in a 1000 m³ pressure-cycle airlift fermenter. The biomass yield from substrate is 0.41 g g^{- 1}, K_S is 0.7 mg l^{- 1}, and the maximum specific growth rate is 0.44 h^{- 1}. The medium contains 4% (w/v) methanol. A substrate conversion of 98% is desirable. The reactor may be operated either in batch or continuous mode. If operated in batch, an inoculum of 0.01% (w/v) is used and the downtime between batches is 20 h. If operated continuously, a downtime of 25 d is expected per year. Neglecting maintenance requirements, compare the annual biomass production from batch and continuous reactors?

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#Question id: 11084

#SCPH28 | Zoology

The next diagram shows two lung units (S and T) with their blood supplies. Lung unit S has an ideal relationship between blood flow and ventilation. Lung unit T has a comprised blood flow. What is the relationship between alveolar dead space (DALV), physiologic dead space (DPHY) and anatomic dead space (DANAT) for these lung units?

#Question id: 11085

#I Life Science/ Life Sciences Group – I-V

The diagrams show changes in the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide as blood flows from the arterial end to the venous of the pulmonary capillaries. Which diagram best depicts the normal relationship between Po2 (red line) and Pco2 (green line) during resting conditions?

#Question id: 11085

#SCPH28 | Zoology

The diagrams show changes in the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide as blood flows from the arterial end to the venous of the pulmonary capillaries. Which diagram best depicts the normal relationship between Po2 (red line) and Pco2 (green line) during resting conditions?

#Question id: 11086

#I Life Science/ Life Sciences Group – I-V

A 17-year-old female was bicycling without a helmet when she fell and hit her head. In the emergency room, she was not conscious and was receiving ventilator assistance. Her blood gases follow:

PaO2 = 52 mm Hg,

PaCO2 = 75 mm Hg, pH = 7.15, and

HCO3− = 31 mM

The majority of the CO2 was being transported as

#Question id: 11087

#I Life Science/ Life Sciences Group – I-V

Which of the following oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves corresponds to normal blood (red line) and blood containing carbon monoxide (green line)?

#Question id: 11088

#I Life Science/ Life Sciences Group – I-V

At a fraternity party a 17-year-old male places a paper bag over his mouth and breathes in and out of the bag. As he continues to breathe into this bag, his rate of breathing continues to increase. Which of the following is responsible for the increased ventilation?