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Previous Year Questions

TLS Online TPP Program

QUESTION ID:1

In which college was  the number of students admitted in the year 2016; second lowest and the number of students admitted in the year 2018 minimum respectively ?

QUESTION ID:2

What is the approximate percent % increase in the number of students admitted in college A in the year 2016 as compared to previous year ?

QUESTION ID:3

What is the difference between the  total number of students·admitted. in college A overall the years together and the total number of students admitted in college C in the year 2018 and 2019 together ?

QUESTION ID:4

Total number of students admitted in college C over all the years was approximately what percent % of total number of students admitted in all the three colleges together in the year 2017?

QUESTION ID:5

What is the average number of students admitted in college A in the year 2015 in college B in the year 2016 . and in college C in the year 2019 together ?

QUESTION ID:6

Which of the following numbers would occur next;.in the series 2, 6, 30, 60, 130, 210 --- ?

QUESTION ID:7

The compound interest  on a certain sum of money for 3 years at the rate of 10% per annum is Rs 993.00 . The simple interest on the same sum at the rate of 8% per annum for 4 years would be equal to which of the following?

QUESTION ID:8

Pointing towards a man, a woman said "His wife,s father is the husband ofmy'mothers only daughter How is the woman related to the man ?

QUESTION ID:9

If  the word Teacher  is coded as TCJACCV  and  the word SURGEON is coded as PMGETSU in certain code language then which of the following will represent the word CONCORD in that language?

QUESTION ID:10

A solid is in the form of a cylinder with hemispherical ends. The diameter of the cylinder is 1/3 of its height (excluding the hemispherical ends ). The total length of the solid including the hemispherical ends is 56 cm . What is the surface area of the solid ?

QUESTION ID:11

Identify the communication which is  valid as documentary evidence from the following:

QUESTION ID:12

Which of the following groups of electronic scientists has been given in an order 
chronologically?

QUESTION ID:13

Who among the following, first took the initiative for appointing a University Education Commission during pre-independence period?

QUESTION ID:14

Which one of the following groups of commission on education has been given chronologically  in an order of year in which they were constituted?

QUESTION ID:15

Which one of the following is signified by the term (inference) in classical Indian School of Logic? etu' in the process of anumāna

QUESTION ID:16

Assumption of an unperceived fact in order to reconcile two apparently inconsistent perceived facts is known in Indian Logic as:

QUESTION ID:17

Which one of the following combination of propositions is considered to be contraries in the classical square of opposition?

QUESTION ID:18

Which one of the following is not a part of immediate deductive inference ?

QUESTION ID:19

Which one of the following factors does not contribute to learning mathematical concepts

QUESTION ID:20

Which among the following is NOT an alternative to traditional assessments?

QUESTION ID:21

A college teacher conducts a quiz session with a view to accelerate the tempo of motivational participation. This will form part of which type of evaluation?

QUESTION ID:22

Which among the following is NOT the principle associated with Positivism?

QUESTION ID:23

In grounded theory, researchers collect data using theoretical sampling until theoretical saturation is achieved. This process can be summarized in the following sequence.

QUESTION ID:24

Identify the ways that would be followed by a public sector organization to communicate with pre Your Personal Exam G public by organizing an open house :

Publicity

Lobbying

Public relations

Image building

Choose the correct option

QUESTION ID:25

Choose the institutions which are not authorized to confer degree according to UGC Act 1956:

QUESTION ID:26

Which of the following statements is/are correct in the context of 'Digital India' Initiative of Government of India?

National Digital Library of India (NDL India) is a 24 x 7 online store house of all academic awards duly digitized and lodged by academic institutions.

National Academic Depository (NAD) is an all-digital library that stores information (metadata) about different types of digital contents relevant to the citizens.

Choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:27

Which of the following statements is / are correct?

WWW is a network of networks that first with four computer nodes 

WWW is a service that runs on the internet 

Choose the correct option

QUESTION ID:28

Academic performance of students 15mined by:

Intelligence

Motivation

Physique

Gender

QUESTION ID:29

Spread of forest fires is influenced by
Slope
Soil Moisture
Wind
Choose the correct answer from the options given below

QUESTION ID:30

Given below is question (Q) followed by three statements. Identify the statements (a, b, c)
Question: What is the average age of 30 studeersona that are necessary to answer the question.
studying in a class?
Boys and girls in the class are in the ratio 7:8
The average age of boys and girls is 12.2 years and 11.4 years, respectively.
The number of boys in the class is two less than the number of the girls in the class.
Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:31

Consider the following statements with reference to categorical propositions :
Some birds are mammals" is a particular affirmative proposition and it distributes subject term alone.
"Some birds are mammals" is a particular affirmative proposition and it distributes predicate term alone.
"Some birds are mammals" is a particular affirmative proposition and it distributes both subject and predicate terms.
Some birds are mammals" is a particular affirmative proposition and it distributes neither subject term nor predicate term.
Choose the correct option from below:

QUESTION ID:32

In a group setting which of the following factors hinder creativity of its members?
Norm to maintain consensus at any cost
To think without any fear of being ridiculed
To respect one another's ideas
To criticize if somebody's idea is not correct
Choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:33

Which two among the following factors are responsible for transgression of ethical principle  in research?

Harm to the participants

Lack of informed consent

Not greeting the participants after the experiment  is over

Asking difficult questions

Choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:34

Which of the following activities are performed research?

Conducts structured interview with Yohe members of the community

Gets immersed in a social setting for an extended period of time

Listens to and engages in conversation

Tries to educate people about the harms of some evil practices

Choose the correct answer:

QUESTION ID:35

Match correctly the items of column I with the items of column II

Column I                                                Column II

Dyslexia                                                Difficulty in doing mathematics                            

Dysgraphia                                           Difficulty in reading

Dyscalculia                                            Difficulty in writing

ADHD                                                     Difficulty in concentrating

QUESTION ID:36

Match the following communication channels with their distinguishing type:


(Communication Channel)                                    (Distinguishing Type

Blogging                                                                    Electronic Media


Television                                                                      Print Media

Periodicals                                                                      Social Media

Collection sites                                                                World wide web

Choose the correct option from those given below:                                                               

QUESTION ID:37

Match the following classes of chemicals with their descriptions:

(Chemical Class)                                          (Description)

Allergens                                                       Chemicals that alter or damage the genetic material (DNA) cells   

Mutagens                                                      Substances that activate the immune system

Carcinogens                                                Chemicals that specifically cause abnormalities during embryonics growth and development.

Teratogens                                                 Substances that cause invasive out of control cell growth resulting in malignant tumors.

Choose the most appropriate option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:38

Match List - I with List - II

List I                                                           List II

50 in decimal                                            0110010 in binary

102 in decimal                                           1100110 in binary

 Real-Time video conferencing                 Synchronous communication

SMS texting                                                 Asynchronous communication

Choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:39

Match correctly the contribution / concept of Column II with the names of the thinkers given
in Column I
Column I                                                                            Column II
Karl Popper                                                                      Inductive method 
T.Paul                                                                                Against the method
FeyerabendS. Kuhn                                                         Paradigm       
 Francis Bacon                                                                  Falsification
 Select appropriate option:                                                                                                        

QUESTION ID:40

Match the following types of communication with their distinguishing examples

(Types of Communication)                                                         Distinguishing Example

Formal Communication                                                              Government agencies

Informal Communication                                                            Circular

Outward Communication                                                           Memos

Inward Communication                                                              Group chain

Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:41

Select the option that contains only optical storage media

QUESTION ID:42

Noise levels at a traffic site are recorded for one hour at a sampling interval of 1 second and percentile indices of noise L1, L10, L50, L90 are computed from the data. The indices are then arranged in increasing order in terms of their values starting from minimum to maximum. Which of the following options represents their correct order?

QUESTION ID:43

Given below are two statements - one labelled as Assertion (A)
Reason (R).
Assertion (A): In the afternoon of a hot sunny dan Guided the other labelled as tropospheric ozone levels in a city during the summer season, the compared to morning and evenine Delhi are expected to be lower as
Reasons (R): In the afternoon period, atmosphere is unstable and its dilution potential is higher as compared to mornings and evenings.
In the light of the above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:44

Given below are two statements - one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Information Technology is fast becoming a very important field of activity in India.
Reasons (R):
Software is one of the major exports of India and further India has a very strong base in hardware.
In the light of the above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:45

Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as
Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
The Governor has the power to ask for any information from the Chief Minister regarding the administration of the State.
Reasons (R):
The Governor is the real Head of the State administration.
In the context of the above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:46

Read the following passage and answer questions which follow.
I do not wish to suggest that the humanistic elements in education are less important than the utilitarian elements. To know something of great literature, something of world history something of music and painting and architecture, is essential if the life of imagination is to be fully developed. And it is only through imagination that men become aware of what the world might be; without it, 'progress' would become mechanical and trivial. But science, also can stimulate the imagination.
Psychology was until fairly lately, a merely academic study, with very little application to practical affairs. This is all changed now. We have, for instance, industrial psychology. clinical psychology, educational psychology: all of which are of the great practical importance. We may hope and expect that the influence of psychology upon our institutions will rapidly increase in the near future. In education. at any rate, its effect has already been great and beneficent.
As per the passage, people become aware of What the world might be only through

QUESTION ID:47

Read the following passage and answer questions which follow.
I do not wish to suggest that the humanistic elements in education are less important than the utilitarian elements. To know something of great literature, something of world history something of music and painting and architecture, is essential if the life of imagination is to be fully developed. And it is only through imagination that men become aware of what the world might be; without it, 'progress' would become mechanical and trivial. But science, also can stimulate the imagination.
Psychology was until fairly lately, a merely academic study, with very little application to practical affairs. This is all changed now. We have, for instance, industrial psychology. clinical psychology, educational psychology: all of which are of the great practical importance. We may hope and expect that the influence of psychology upon our institutions will rapidly increase in the near future. In education. at any rate, its effect has already been great and beneficent.
As per the passage, without imagination the 'progress' would become

QUESTION ID:48

Read the following passage and answer questions which follow.
I do not wish to suggest that the humanistic elements in education are less important than the utilitarian elements. To know something of great literature, something of world history something of music and painting and architecture, is essential if the life of imagination is to be fully developed. And it is only through imagination that men become aware of what the world might be; without it, 'progress' would become mechanical and trivial. But science, also can stimulate the imagination.
Psychology was until fairly lately, a merely academic study, with very little application to practical affairs. This is all changed now. We have, for instance, industrial psychology. clinical psychology, educational psychology: all of which are of the great practical importance. We may hope and expect that the influence of psychology upon our institutions will rapidly increase in the near future. In education. at any rate, its effect has already been great and beneficent.
According to the passage psychology until recently was of very little

QUESTION ID:49

Read the following passage and answer questions which follow.
I do not wish to suggest that the humanistic elements in education are less important than the utilitarian elements. To know something of great literature, something of world history something of music and painting and architecture, is essential if the life of imagination is to be fully developed. And it is only through imagination that men become aware of what the world might be; without it, 'progress' would become mechanical and trivial. But science, also can stimulate the imagination.
Psychology was until fairly lately, a merely academic study, with very little application to practical affairs. This is all changed now. We have, for instance, industrial psychology. clinical psychology, educational psychology: all of which are of the great practical importance. We may hope and expect that the influence of psychology upon our institutions will rapidly increase in the near future. In education. at any rate, its effect has already been great and beneficent.
In the passage, the author is optimistic about

QUESTION ID:50

Read the following passage and answer questions which follow.
I do not wish to suggest that the humanistic elements in education are less important than the utilitarian elements. To know something of great literature, something of world history something of music and painting and architecture, is essential if the life of imagination is to be fully developed. And it is only through imagination that men become aware of what the world might be; without it, 'progress' would become mechanical and trivial. But science, also can stimulate the imagination.
Psychology was until fairly lately, a merely academic study, with very little application to practical affairs. This is all changed now. We have, for instance, industrial psychology. clinical psychology, educational psychology: all of which are of the great practical importance. We may hope and expect that the influence of psychology upon our institutions will rapidly increase in the near future. In education. at any rate, its effect has already been great and beneficent.
As per the passage, if the life of imagination is to be fully developed, some exposure to the following is required:
Literature
World history
Music
Politics
Choose the correct options from these given below:

QUESTION ID:51

Beaufort Scale is used to classify which of the following meteorological parameters

QUESTION ID:52

Two streams A and B are flowing with flow rates of 20 m³/s and 5 m³/s respectively. The concentration of a pollutant X in the two streams are 15 mg/l (stream A) and 50 mg/l (stream B). The two streams join each other. Assume that complete mixing of the streams occurs after joining and the pollutant is a conservative substance. The downstream concentration of the pollutant after the joining of two streams would be:

QUESTION ID:53

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

QUESTION ID:54

Which one among the following is true in the context  halpy (H), internal energy (U), pressure (P) and volume (V) of a thermodynamic system

QUESTION ID:55

Above the earth's surface, 90% of the total atmospheric mass is confined within first:

QUESTION ID:56

The ethical view, which argues that any resource of nature is meant for human use/consumption is termed as:

QUESTION ID:57

Which of the following chemical organic species is/are insoluble in acid or  alkali?

QUESTION ID:58

Which of the following statements is NOT correct with regard to chemical analysis by flame photometer?

QUESTION ID:59

Which of the following Rt values is not possible?

QUESTION ID:60

Polar Stratospheric Clouds facilitate which of the following reactions in the development of ozone hole?

QUESTION ID:61

The night-time tropospheric chemistry is dominated by which of the following chemical species?

QUESTION ID:62

Identify the correct sequence of the components of Producer Gas from biogasification of coal in decreasing order of their concentrations:
CH4 H2> CO> N2

QUESTION ID:63

The landscape used by wild animals for their movement between forest patches, is called:

QUESTION ID:64

How many years will it take for the population of a country to double, if it grows at the rate of 4 percent per year?

QUESTION ID:65

The bioremediation technology which involves the addition of microbial culture is known as

QUESTION ID:66

The ability of an ecosystem to recover when the system has been disturbed by any perturbation is known as

QUESTION ID:67

Phytoremediation is an important tool for

QUESTION ID:68

In comparison to its adjoining ecosytems, the biodiversity in the ecotone is

QUESTION ID:69

Influx of high nutrient load of nitrates and phosphates into an aquatic ecosystem contributes towards

QUESTION ID:70

Which one among the following is NOT a form of precipitation?

QUESTION ID:71

Strike-slip faults are examples of plate movement which is

QUESTION ID:72

Artesian Well is

QUESTION ID:73

La Nina is a Spanish word meaning

QUESTION ID:74

50 mm of rainfall was recorded during 30 min of rain in an area of 2.5 ha. The total volume of water that fell on that area during the rain would be

QUESTION ID:75

In fast breeder nuclear reactor power plants, the ratio of fissile material produced to fissile material consumed is

QUESTION ID:76

In case of which of the following fossil fuels, the difference between the Gross Calorific Value and Net Calorific Value is maximum?

QUESTION ID:77

Which one among the following is NOT a type of tidal power plant?

QUESTION ID:78

What is the total power per unit area available in a wind stream blowing at a speed 5 m/s? (Given density of air = 1.226 J/kg.K/m³)

QUESTION ID:79

What is the theoretical maximum fraction of power in the wind that can be extracted by a horizonal axis wind turbine?

QUESTION ID:80

Which one of the following is NOT a constituent of photochemical smog?

QUESTION ID:81

Identify the INCORRECT statement about organophosphate pesticides from the following statements:

QUESTION ID:82

When a stable layer exists below the stack height and an unstable layer above, which of the following types of plume behaviour is expected to be observed?

QUESTION ID:83

Sound emitted from a line source attenuates at which of the following rates as a result of geometrical spreading?

QUESTION ID:84

Which of the following particulate control devices has the poorest removal efficiency for particles in the sub-micron size range?

QUESTION ID:85

According to Biomedical Waste Management Rules 2016 of the Government of India, which colored non-chlorinated plastic bags should be used for the collection of human anatomical waste?

QUESTION ID:86

Which group of microorganisms dominate in glacial ecosystems?

QUESTION ID:87

The Article 48A of the Indian Constitution (Directive Principles of State Policy Environmental Protection) was inducted in 1976 after the

QUESTION ID:88

Which is the first company in India whose project was approved under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol?

QUESTION ID:89

Section 3B of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 deals with the

QUESTION ID:90

Gender is an example of which of the following types of variables?

QUESTION ID:91

Mean marks of 200 students in statistics are 47. The mean marks of top 25% students are 72 and that of bottom 25% students are 25. Which of the following are the mean marks of the remaining students?

QUESTION ID:92

Which of the following measures of skewness is based on the distance of upper and lower quartiles from the median value in a dataset?

QUESTION ID:93

In an objective type examination, there are 100 questions. One mark is awarded for each correct answer and 0.125 marks are deducted for each incorrect answer. The number of marks scored by the students in this examination is an example of which of the following types of variables?

QUESTION ID:94

Thr probability density function of a continuous random variable x is given by (answer is not correct )

f(x) = {(3€ * [3e for x>0 0 for x ≤0

Which of the following would be the probability that x lies between 1 and 2?

QUESTION ID:95

If x and y are two variables that are not independent, then which of the following represents the variance Var(ax+by) of their linear combination, where 'a' and 'b' are constants?

QUESTION ID:96

Which is the most significant fingerprint of climate change with respect to biotic invasion?

QUESTION ID:97

Which of the following greenhouse gases has contributed the most to the global warm?

QUESTION ID:98

Who was the woman activist, who initiated the Chipko movement in Reni village of Chamoli district in 1973?

QUESTION ID:99

Suppose a remote sensor records brightness levels in terms of digital numbers (DN) ranging from 0 to 255. The histogram of a scene recorded by the remote sensor shows the brightness values ranging from 60 to 158. A researcher wants to apply Linear Contrast Stretch to all the pixels in the scene. If DN' represents the transformed brightness level of a pixel and DN represents its recorded brightness level, which of the following expressions would be the most appropriate?

QUESTION ID:100

Consider the following wavelengths:

0.94 m

1.14 m

1.40 m

1.88 μm

Water vapors absorb strongly at which of the above wavelengths?

QUESTION ID:101

Consider the following statements :

Statement I- Objects at higher temperatures emit radiations.

Statement II- Objects with higher temperatures reach their maximum emissive intensity at longer wavelengths.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

QUESTION ID:102

Consider the following statements :

A. Chromium (III) chemical species is more toxic than Chromium (VI)

B. Dimethylmercury chemical species is more toxic than methylmercury ion

C. Arsenic (III) is more toxic than Arsenic (V)

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

QUESTION ID:103

Consider the following changes with regard to dissolution of ammonia in water:

increase in temperature

decrease in pH of the solution

increase in partial pressure of ammonia

The solubility of ammonia would increase by which of the above changes

QUESTION ID:104

Consider the following gases 

CO

CH4

HCFCS

CO2

Those gases removed from the atmosphere by the process of oxidation are

QUESTION ID:105

In ecological sampling. Importance Value Index refers sum of which of the following?

Relative density

Relative frequency

Relative abundance

Relative dominance

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:106

Consider the following characteristics of plant species

small size

long life span

low rate of growth

production of large number of easily dispersed seeds

Which of the above characterize the early successional (pioneer) plant communities

QUESTION ID:107

Which among the following are considered as ecosystems?  services provided by forest ecosystems?

Resins and gums

Pollination by insects

Climate regulation

Timber

Choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:108

Assuming the incoming solar radiation to be 100 units consider the following statements  about the radiation budget of earth:
About 51 units of solar radiation are absorbed by earth's surface.
About 20 units of long-wave radiation emitted from earth's surface are lost to space directly without being absorbed by the atmosphere.
About 19 units of solar radiation are absorbed by the atmosphere.
Which of the above statements are correct?

QUESTION ID:109

Which of the following is/are the characteristic(s) of direct band gap semi - conductor Ga- As?

less sharp absorption band

large values of extinction coefficient

Choose the correct answer from options given below:

QUESTION ID:110

Solar insolation on a rectangular module (1.5 m x 2.0 m) of photovoltaic cells is 550 W/m². If the efficiency of the cells is 12%, what is the power 396 W (2) of the module?

QUESTION ID:111

In the context of gaseous pollutants control using packed towers, consider the following statements:

The flow of the effluent gas through a packed tower is countercurrent

The packing material should have a small surface to volume ratio

The packing material is used to increase the contact time between the gaseous pollutant and liquid

Which of the above statements are correct?

QUESTION ID:112

Consider the following statements regarding water treatment

Alum is added to water as a a coagulate agent.

Residual chlorine is considered as a major disadvantage of using chlorination for disinfection of water.

Addition of ammonia to water treated with chlorine leads to the formation of chloramines.

Which of the above statements are correct?

QUESTION ID:113

Which among the following radioactive species have a half life of more than 10 years?

36 Kr 91

38 Sr. 90

55 Cs 137

40 Zr.91

Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:114

As per the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification (1991), CRZ-I includes which of the following?

Ecosensitive Zones

Fishing Zones

Intertidal Zones

Development Zones

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

QUESTION ID:115

Consider the following statements regarding Poisson Distribution:

It is a continuous probability distribution.

It is applicable when 'n' the number of trials is indefinitely large and 'p' the probability of success is indefinitely small.

Its mean is equal to its variance

Which of the above statements are correct?

QUESTION ID:116

Consider the following statements regarding Chi-Square test:
(a) If X is a random variable following normal distribution with mean μ and standard deviation σ, then X- σ μ is a Chi-Square variate with 1 degree of freedom
(b) It is an appropriate test for testing the goodness of fit of a model/theory to experimental data
(c) It involves computing the squares of the deviations of observed frequencies from the expected frequencies.
Which of the above statements are correct?

QUESTION ID:117

Consider the following statements about the Lotka-Volterra Model:

Both the populations of prey and predator oscillate sinusoidically.

There is a phase difference of 1/2 between the prey and predator populations

Populations of prey and predator are directly proportional, to each other

Population of prey and predator are inversely proportional, to each other

Which of the above statements are correct?

QUESTION ID:118

Which one of the following is the important hotspot of biodiversity in India?

QUESTION ID:119

Which of the following surfaces exhibits maximum variation in albedo with respect to the angle of incidence of solar radiations?

QUESTION ID:120

Which among the following is the correct order of stratification in lentic ecosystems from top to bottom?

QUESTION ID:121

Which among the following is the correct sequence of the elements in earth's crust in decreasing order?

QUESTION ID:122

Identify the correct sequence of processes involved in chemical weathering of rocks: (Answer is not sure )

QUESTION ID:123

Restoration of Doon Valley is an example of best practices of restoration of degraded ecosystem caused by

QUESTION ID:124

Which one among the following is the correct order of steps taken during the process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)?

QUESTION ID:125

Match List-I and List-II containing microorganisms and processes Gassociated with them:

List I                                                  List II 

(Microorganisms)                         (Processes)                                      

A. Bacillus                                i. Denitrification

B. Agrobacterium                 ii. Ammonification

C. Rhizobium                         iii. Sulphur into Sulphate  

D. Thiobacillus                       iv. N-fixation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

QUESTION ID:126

Match the following parameters characterizing humidity of the atmosphere with their definitions:

Humidity Parameters                                      Definitions

Relative Humidity                                            Weight of water vapour per unit volume of air at a given temperature

Absolute Humidity                                           Weight of water vapour per unit weight of total air at a given temperature

Specific Humidity                                             Ratio of vapour pressure to the saturation vapour pressure percentage at a given temperature

Mixing Ratio                                                      Weight of water vapour per unit weight of dry air temperature

Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:127

Match the following iron oxides with their chemical formulae:

Iron Oxides                                                     Chemical Formulae

Haematite                                                        FeO.TiO2

Magnetite                                                        Fe3O4

Ilmenite                                                            FeO.H2O

Limonite                                                           Fe2O3

Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:128

Match the following discontinuities with the boundaries they are found at.

Discontinuities                                                    Boundaries Between

Mohorovicic discontinuity                                  Lower mantle and outer core

Conrad discontinuity                                           Hydrosphere and crust

Lehman discontinuity                                          Lower crust and upper mantle

Gutenberg discontinuity                                      Outer core and inner core

Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:129

Match the following commonly used separation equipments with their separates

Equipment                                                                Separate

Electromagnetic Separator                                     Heavy and light fraction

Trommel Screen                                                         Non-ferrous metals

Air Classifier                                                               Ferrous Metals

Eddy Current Separator                                            Particulates

Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:130

Match List-I and List-II containing Acts and their year of enactment:

List I                                                                      List II

Act                                                                         Year of Enactment

The Environment Protection Act                         1980

The Forest Conservation Act                                1981

Water (Prevention & Control) Act                         1986

Air (Prevention & Control) Act                                 1974

Choose the correct option from those given below

QUESTION ID:131

Match the celebration of days related to environment with their corresponding dates

List I                                                                          List II

Days                                                                          Dates

Earth Day                                                                  2nd February

International Ozone Day                                          16th September

International Biodiversity Day                                  22nd April

Wetland Day                                                                22nd May

Choose the correct option from those given below

QUESTION ID:132

Given below are two statements one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
The increase in sea water acidity makes building and maintaining shells and other calcium carbonate structures difficult for calcifying organisms such as oyster and water corals.
Reasons (R):
Increase in sea water acidity causes a decrease in bicarbonate ion concentration.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:133

Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
Reasons (R):
There is a general pattern of increase in biodiversity from equator to poles.
Due to high level of energy received in tropics, higher is the net primary production, which in turn supports large number of individuals, leading to high biodiversity.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:134

Given below are two statements- one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
Isostacy is the corresponding state of balance between extensive blocks of earth's crust which rise to different levels and appear at the surface as mountains, plateaus, plains or ocean floor.
Reasons (R) :There is a certain minimum depth below sea level where the pressure due to the weight of overlying material in each unit column is everywhere the
same.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:135

Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
Most of the world's geothermal sites are located in the circum-pacific belt known as 'Rim of Fire'.
Reasons (R):
Geothermal fields require combination of three geological conditions-a natural underground source of water; an impermeable rock that traps water and allows formation of steam; and a large mass of hot rock in the vicinity of water system.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:136

Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
Reasons (R):
Himalyan states of India have greater hydropower potential.
Hills provide an altitudinal gradient for the construction of dams.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:137

Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Reasons (R): In soil, Chromium (III) predominates Chromium (VI). Chromium (VI) is easily reduced to Chromium (III) by organic matter in soil.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:138

Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R). Assertion (A): Reasons (R): Aluminium Chloride is a good coagulant for treatment of raw water. Both the colloidal particles and Aluminium ions are positively charged.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:139

Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
Reasons (R):
Between organophosphorus pesticides malathion and parathion, the former is more toxic than latter.
Malathion is hydrolyzed by enzymes possessed by mammals to produce relatively non-toxic products.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:140

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 91 to 95:
Among the most interesting techniques for analyzing the earth's climatic history on a scale of hundred's to thousands of years are the study of ocean floor sediments and oxygen isotope analysis. Both methods are used to reconstruct past temperatures and each in part is related to the other. The seafloor sediments contain the remains of organisms that once lived near the surface. When such near surface organisms die, their shell slowly settle to the floor of the ocean, where they become part of the sedimentary record. One reason why seafloor sediments are useful recorders of worldwide climatic change is that the numbers and types of organisms living near the sea surface change as the climate changes.
We would expect that in any area of the ocean/atmosphere interface the average annual  temperature of the surface water of the ocean would approximate that of the contiguous atmosphere. The temperature equilibrium established between surface sea water and the air above it should mean that changes in climate should be reflected in changes in organisms living near the surface of the deep sea.
The second technique, oxygen isotope analysis, is based on precise measurement of the ratio between two isotopes of oxygen: 160, which is the most common, and the heavier 180. Because the lighter isotope, 160, evaporates more readily from the oceans, precipitation (and hence the glacial ice that it may form) is enriched in 160. Of course, this leaves a greater concentration of the heavier isotope, 180, in the ocean water. Exan
Thus during periods when glaciers are extensive the concentration of 180 in seawater increases; conversely, during warmer interglacial periods when the amount of glacial ice drops dramatically, the amount of 18O relative to 160 in ocean water also drops. Ascertain
microorganisms secrete their shells of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), the prevailing ratio is reflected in the composition of these hard parts. Consequently, periods of glacial activity can be determined from variations in the oxygen isotope ratio found in shells of certain microorganisms buried in deep-sea sediments.
A second use of the 180/160 ratio technique is its application to the study of cores taken from
ice sheets, such as the one that covers Greenland.
Here another cause for variation in the oxygen isotope ratio is used-namely, the ratio influenced by temperature. More 180 is evaporated from the oceans when temperatures are high and less is evaporated when temperatures are low. Thus the heavy, isotope is more abundant in the precipitation of warm eras and less abundant during colder periods.
Given below are two statements - one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Seafloor sediments are useful recorders of worldwide climate change.
Reasons (R):
Organisms living near the surface of deep sea are sensitive to variations in water temperature.
In the light of above two statements, choose the correct option:

QUESTION ID:141

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 91 to 95:
Among the most interesting techniques for analyzing the earth's climatic history on a scale of hundred's to thousands of years are the study of ocean floor sediments and oxygen isotope analysis. Both methods are used to reconstruct past temperatures and each in part is related to the other. The seafloor sediments contain the remains of organisms that once lived near the surface. When such near surface organisms die, their shell slowly settle to the floor of the ocean, where they become part of the sedimentary record. One reason why seafloor sediments are useful recorders of worldwide climatic change is that the numbers and types of organisms living near the sea surface change as the climate changes.
We would expect that in any area of the ocean/atmosphere interface the average annual  temperature of the surface water of the ocean would approximate that of the contiguous atmosphere. The temperature equilibrium established between surface sea water and the air above it should mean that changes in climate should be reflected in changes in organisms living near the surface of the deep sea.
The second technique, oxygen isotope analysis, is based on precise measurement of the ratio between two isotopes of oxygen: 160, which is the most common, and the heavier 180. Because the lighter isotope, 160, evaporates more readily from the oceans, precipitation (and hence the glacial ice that it may form) is enriched in 160. Of course, this leaves a greater concentration of the heavier isotope, 180, in the ocean water. Exan
Thus during periods when glaciers are extensive the concentration of 180 in seawater increases; conversely, during warmer interglacial periods when the amount of glacial ice drops dramatically, the amount of 18O relative to 160 in ocean water also drops. Ascertain
microorganisms secrete their shells of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), the prevailing ratio is reflected in the composition of these hard parts. Consequently, periods of glacial activity can be determined from variations in the oxygen isotope ratio found in shells of certain microorganisms buried in deep-sea sediments.
A second use of the 180/160 ratio technique is its application to the study of cores taken from
ice sheets, such as the one that covers Greenland.
Here another cause for variation in the oxygen isotope ratio is used-namely, the ratio influenced by temperature. More 180 is evaporated from the oceans when temperatures are high and less is evaporated when temperatures are low. Thus the heavy, isotope is more abundant in the precipitation of warm eras and less abundant during colder periods.
Consider the following statements:
Water molecules with 160 evaporate more readily from the oceans.
Water molecules with 180 are found in greater concentration in glacial ice than in oceans.
Which of the above statements are correct?

QUESTION ID:142

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 91 to 95:
Among the most interesting techniques for analyzing the earth's climatic history on a scale of hundred's to thousands of years are the study of ocean floor sediments and oxygen isotope analysis. Both methods are used to reconstruct past temperatures and each in part is related to the other. The seafloor sediments contain the remains of organisms that once lived near the surface. When such near surface organisms die, their shell slowly settle to the floor of the ocean, where they become part of the sedimentary record. One reason why seafloor sediments are useful recorders of worldwide climatic change is that the numbers and types of organisms living near the sea surface change as the climate changes.
We would expect that in any area of the ocean/atmosphere interface the average annual temperature of the surface water of the ocean would approximate that of the contiguous atmosphere. The temperature equilibrium established between surface sea water and the air above it should mean that changes in climate should be reflected in changes in organisms living near the surface of the deep sea.
The second technique, oxygen isotope analysis, is based on precise measurement of the ratio between two isotopes of oxygen 16O which is the most common, and the heavier Because the lighter isotope 16O  from the oceans, precipitation (and

 hence the glacial ice that it may from is enriched in 16O Of course this leaves a greater concentration of the heavier istope ,18 Oin the  ocean water Thus during periods when glaciers are extensive the concentration of 180 in seawater increases; conversely, during warmer interglacial periods when the amount of glacial ice drops dramatically, the amount of 18 O relative to 160 in ocean water also drops. Ascertain microorganisms secrete their shells of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), the prevailing 180/160 ratio is reflected in the composition of these hard parts. Consequently, periods of glacial activity can be determined from variations in the oxygen isotope ratio found in shells of certain microorganisms buried in deep-sea sediments.A second use of the 180/160 ratio technique is its application to the study of cores taken from ice sheets, such as the one that covers Greenland.

Here another cause for variation in the oxygen isotope ratio is used-namely, the ratio influenced by temperature. More 180 is evaporated from the oceans when temperatures are high and less is evaporated when temperatures are low. Thus the heavy, isotope is more abundant in the precipitation of warm eras and less abundant during colder periods.

QUESTION ID:143

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 91 to 95:
Among the most interesting techniques for analyzing the earth's climatic history on a scale of hundred's to thousands of years are the study of ocean floor sediments and oxygen isotope analysis. Both methods are used to reconstruct past temperatures and each in part is related to the other. The seafloor sediments contain the remains of organisms that once lived near the surface. When such near surface organisms die, their shell slowly settle to the floor of the ocean, where they become part of the sedimentary record. One reason why seafloor sediments are useful recorders of worldwide climatic change is that the numbers and types of organisms living near the sea surface change as the climate changes.
We would expect that in any area of the ocean/atmosphere interface the average annual  temperature of the surface water of the ocean would approximate that of the contiguous atmosphere. The temperature equilibrium established between surface sea water and the air above it should mean that changes in climate should be reflected in changes in organisms living near the surface of the deep sea.
The second technique, oxygen isotope analysis, is based on precise measurement of the ratio between two isotopes of oxygen: 160, which is the most common, and the heavier 180. Because the lighter isotope, 160, evaporates more readily from the oceans, precipitation (and hence the glacial ice that it may form) is enriched in 160. Of course, this leaves a greater concentration of the heavier isotope, 180, in the ocean water. Exan
Thus during periods when glaciers are extensive the concentration of 180 in seawater increases; conversely, during warmer interglacial periods when the amount of glacial ice drops dramatically, the amount of 18O relative to 160 in ocean water also drops. Ascertain
microorganisms secrete their shells of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), the prevailing ratio is reflected in the composition of these hard parts. Consequently, periods of glacial activity can be determined from variations in the oxygen isotope ratio found in shells of certain microorganisms buried in deep-sea sediments.
A second use of the 180/160 ratio technique is its application to the study of cores taken from
ice sheets, such as the one that covers Greenland.
Here another cause for variation in the oxygen isotope ratio is used-namely, the ratio influenced by temperature. More 180 is evaporated from the oceans when temperatures are high and less is evaporated when temperatures are low. Thus the heavy, isotope is more abundant in the precipitation of warm eras and less abundant during colder periods.
Which of the following is expected during the warmer periods?

QUESTION ID:144

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 91 to 95:
Among the most interesting techniques for analyzing the earth's climatic history on a scale of hundred's to thousands of years are the study of ocean floor sediments and oxygen isotope analysis. Both methods are used to reconstruct past temperatures and each in part is related to the other. The seafloor sediments contain the remains of organisms that once lived near the surface. When such near surface organisms die, their shell slowly settle to the floor of the ocean, where they become part of the sedimentary record. One reason why seafloor sediments are useful recorders of worldwide climatic change is that the numbers and types of organisms living near the sea surface change as the climate changes.
We would expect that in any area of the ocean/atmosphere interface the average annual  temperature of the surface water of the ocean would approximate that of the contiguous atmosphere. The temperature equilibrium established between surface sea water and the air above it should mean that changes in climate should be reflected in changes in organisms living near the surface of the deep sea.
The second technique, oxygen isotope analysis, is based on precise measurement of the ratio between two isotopes of oxygen: 160, which is the most common, and the heavier 180. Because the lighter isotope, 160, evaporates more readily from the oceans, precipitation (and hence the glacial ice that it may form) is enriched in 160. Of course, this leaves a greater concentration of the heavier isotope, 180, in the ocean water. Exan
Thus during periods when glaciers are extensive the concentration of 180 in seawater increases; conversely, during warmer interglacial periods when the amount of glacial ice drops dramatically, the amount of 18O relative to 160 in ocean water also drops. Ascertain
microorganisms secrete their shells of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), the prevailing ratio is reflected in the composition of these hard parts. Consequently, periods of glacial activity can be determined from variations in the oxygen isotope ratio found in shells of certain microorganisms buried in deep-sea sediments.
A second use of the 180/160 ratio technique is its application to the study of cores taken from
ice sheets, such as the one that covers Greenland.
Here another cause for variation in the oxygen isotope ratio is used-namely, the ratio influenced by temperature. More 180 is evaporated from the oceans when temperatures are high and less is evaporated when temperatures are low. Thus the heavy, isotope is more abundant in the precipitation of warm eras and less abundant during colder periods.
The average annual temperature of the ocean surface water is close to the temperatures of contiguous atmosphere
Changes in climate can be estimated from  
 ratio in warmer periods is less in oceans as compared to that in cold periods.
Choose the correct option from those given below:

QUESTION ID:145

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 96 to 100
Ozone and ultraviolet radiation are inseparable. It takes UV photons to form ozone from oxygen and UV photons to release the chlorine from CFCs to destroy ozone. Ozone depletion causes ground level UV radiation-an environmental hazard. The wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and photosynthetically active for plants lies between 400-700 nm. Wavelengths below 400 nm in the ultraviolet are invisible to the unaided human eye. The UV region is conventionally subdivided into UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-C (200-280 nm). Natural UV is supplied exclusively by the sun, which radiates energy as a black body with an effective surface
temperature of 6000 K. Outside the earth's atmosphere, the total solar radiation flux density
of 1367 Wm-2 is the sum total of visible and IR (1254 Wm2), UV-A (85.7 Wm-2), (UV-B (21.1 Wm-2) and UV-C (6.4 Wm-2). Close to the top of the earth's atmosphere, the spectrum is essentially extra-terrestrial. By an altitude of 40 Km. Os absorption has already nade a significant difference, reducing the flux most around 250 nm because that corresponds to the centre of the absorption band. At 20 km, above the surface, photon flux is almost same as the surface value, except for the residual peak at 200 nm. At this level, UV-C s effectively eliminated. Although UV-B is attenuated, the UV-C source flux increases cowards the blue and Ozone absorption band weakens towards 300nm. Both these influences combine to give absorption.
Which one of the following statement is NOT correct?

QUESTION ID:146

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 96 to 100
Ozone and ultraviolet radiation are inseparable. It takes UV photons to form ozone from oxygen and UV photons to release the chlorine from CFCs to destroy ozone. Ozone depletion causes ground level UV radiation-an environmental hazard. The wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and photosynthetically active for plants lies between 400-700 nm. Wavelengths below 400 nm in the ultraviolet are invisible to the unaided human eye. The UV region is conventionally subdivided into UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-C (200-280 nm). Natural UV is supplied exclusively by the sun, which radiates energy as a black body with an effective surface
temperature of 6000 K. Outside the earth's atmosphere, the total solar radiation flux density
of 1367 Wm-2 is the sum total of visible and IR (1254 Wm2), UV-A (85.7 Wm-2), (UV-B (21.1 Wm-2) and UV-C (6.4 Wm-2). Close to the top of the earth's atmosphere, the spectrum is essentially extra-terrestrial. By an altitude of 40 Km. Os absorption has already nade a significant difference, reducing the flux most around 250 nm because that corresponds to the centre of the absorption band. At 20 km, above the surface, photon flux is almost same as the surface value, except for the residual peak at 200 nm. At this level, UV-C s effectively eliminated. Although UV-B is attenuated, the UV-C source flux increases cowards the blue and Ozone absorption band weakens towards 300nm. Both these influences combine to give absorption.
The solar radiation flux, irrespective of wavelength bands, is same from earth's surface upto

QUESTION ID:147

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 96 to 100
Ozone and ultraviolet radiation are inseparable. It takes UV photons to form ozone from oxygen and UV photons to release the chlorine from CFCs to destroy ozone. Ozone depletion causes ground level UV radiation-an environmental hazard. The wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and photosynthetically active for plants lies between 400-700 nm. Wavelengths below 400 nm in the ultraviolet are invisible to the unaided human eye. The UV region is conventionally subdivided into UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-C (200-280 nm). Natural UV is supplied exclusively by the sun, which radiates energy as a black body with an effective surface
temperature of 6000 K. Outside the earth's atmosphere, the total solar radiation flux density
of 1367 Wm-2 is the sum total of visible and IR (1254 Wm2), UV-A (85.7 Wm-2), (UV-B (21.1 Wm-2) and UV-C (6.4 Wm-2). Close to the top of the earth's atmosphere, the spectrum is essentially extra-terrestrial. By an altitude of 40 Km. Os absorption has already nade a significant difference, reducing the flux most around 250 nm because that corresponds to the centre of the absorption band. At 20 km, above the surface, photon flux is almost same as the surface value, except for the residual peak at 200 nm. At this level, UV-C s effectively eliminated. Although UV-B is attenuated, the UV-C source flux increases cowards the blue and Ozone absorption band weakens towards 300nm. Both these influences combine to give absorption.
Which of the following UV radiation combinations occurs most on earth's surface in comparison to others?

QUESTION ID:148

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 96 to 100
Ozone and ultraviolet radiation are inseparable. It takes UV photons to form ozone from oxygen and UV photons to release the chlorine from CFCs to destroy ozone. Ozone depletion causes ground level UV radiation-an environmental hazard. The wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and photosynthetically active for plants lies between 400-700 nm. Wavelengths below 400 nm in the ultraviolet are invisible to the unaided human eye. The UV region is conventionally subdivided into UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-C (200-280 nm). Natural UV is supplied exclusively by the sun, which radiates energy as a black body with an effective surface
temperature of 6000 K. Outside the earth's atmosphere, the total solar radiation flux density
of 1367 Wm-2 is the sum total of visible and IR (1254 Wm2), UV-A (85.7 Wm-2), (UV-B (21.1 Wm-2) and UV-C (6.4 Wm-2). Close to the top of the earth's atmosphere, the spectrum is essentially extra-terrestrial. By an altitude of 40 Km. Os absorption has already nade a significant difference, reducing the flux most around 250 nm because that corresponds to the centre of the absorption band. At 20 km, above the surface, photon flux is almost same as the surface value, except for the residual peak at 200 nm. At this level, UV-C s effectively eliminated. Although UV-B is attenuated, the UV-C source flux increases cowards the blue and Ozone absorption band weakens towards 300nm. Both these influences combine to give absorption.
The lowest contribution to solar constant at top of the atmosphere from electromagneti radiation is in

QUESTION ID:149

Based on the passage given below, answer the questions 96 to 100
Ozone and ultraviolet radiation are inseparable. It takes UV photons to form ozone from oxygen and UV photons to release the chlorine from CFCs to destroy ozone. Ozone depletion causes ground level UV radiation-an environmental hazard. The wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and photosynthetically active for plants lies between 400-700 nm. Wavelengths below 400 nm in the ultraviolet are invisible to the unaided human eye. The UV region is conventionally subdivided into UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-C (200-280 nm). Natural UV is supplied exclusively by the sun, which radiates energy as a black body with an effective surface
temperature of 6000 K. Outside the earth's atmosphere, the total solar radiation flux density
of 1367 Wm-2 is the sum total of visible and IR (1254 Wm2), UV-A (85.7 Wm-2), (UV-B (21.1 Wm-2) and UV-C (6.4 Wm-2). Close to the top of the earth's atmosphere, the spectrum is essentially extra-terrestrial. By an altitude of 40 Km. Os absorption has already nade a significant difference, reducing the flux most around 250 nm because that corresponds to the centre of the absorption band. At 20 km, above the surface, photon flux is almost same as the surface value, except for the residual peak at 200 nm. At this level, UV-C s effectively eliminated. Although UV-B is attenuated, the UV-C source flux increases cowards the blue and Ozone absorption band weakens towards 300nm. Both these influences combine to give absorption.
Ozone's absorption of UV radiation in stratosphere is maximum at