The sequence of the target DNA itself can affect PCR efficiency. The GC-rich sequences in target DNA may form secondary structures in the single strands produced by denaturation; this could reduce PCR efficiency.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2406

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

RNA polymerase performs two proofreading functions on that growing transcript

pyrophosphorolytic editing

hydrolytic editing

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2407

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In the Pyrophosphorolytic editing, the enzyme uses its active site, in a simple back-reaction, to catalyze the removal of an incorrectly inserted ribonucleotide, by reincorporation of PPi.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2408

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Hydrolytic editing, is the polymerase backtracks by one or more nucleotides and cleaves the RNA product, removing the error-containing sequence.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2409

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Hydrolytic editing is stimulated by Gre factors, which both enhance hydrolytic editing function and serve as elongation stimulating factors.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2410

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The Nus proteins—joins polymerase in the elongation phase and promotes.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2411

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Both polymerase removal and repair enzyme recruitment are performed by a single protein called TRCF.