A more attractive alternative is to cover the reaction mixture with a plug of inert wax and place the critical reagent on top of this plug. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10439

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10440

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide is responsible for cancer development forms an adduct with guanine: 

(+)-trans-anti-B(a)P-N2-dG

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10441

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

(+)-trans-anti-B(a)P-N2-dG

causes polymerase to insert an A rather than a C opposite the modified G base (Transversion mutation)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10442

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Potent form of benzo(a)pyrene induces inactivating mutations at codons 175, 248, & 273 of the p53 gene

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10443

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10444

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Somatic mutations can be grouped into three types: Single nucleotide variants (SNVs, or point mutations) Insertions or deletions (Indels)

Structural variants (SVs)