Molecular (sub-)structures responsible for interaction with electromagnetic radiation are called chromophores.

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#Id: 8912

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

When all the kinetochores have properly attached to spindle microtubules, APC/CCdc20 directs ubiquitinylation of securin and mitotic cyclins

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#Id: 7393

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

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#Id: 4494

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Heart rate is measured by counting the number of QRS complexes or R waves because they are most prominent per minute.

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#Id: 5530

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Function of the two exchangers is to transport NaCl from the lumen into the cell:

Na+-H+ exchanger

Cl−-formate− anion exchanger

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#Id: 8275

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Since the hydrogen donor (N, O, or F) is strongly electronegative, it pulls the covalently bonded electron pair closer to its nucleus, and away from the hydrogen atom.

The hydrogen atom is then left with a partial positive charge, creating a dipole-dipole attraction between the hydrogen atom bonded to the donor and the lone electron pair of the acceptor. This results in a hydrogen bond.