The rate of sedimentation is dependent upon the applied centrifugal field (cm s-2), G,

that is determined by the radial distance, r, of the particle from the axis of rotation (in cm)

and the square of the angular velocity ω, of the rotor (in radians per second):

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8831

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Damage caused by singlet oxygen and its reactive products can decrease the efficiency of photosynthesis in a process known as photoinhibition.

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#Id: 8832

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8833

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

In plants, various nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) processes act as safety valves for photosynthesis that dissipate excess absorbed light energy harmlessly as heat

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#Id: 8834

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Buildup of a acidic thylakoid ΔpH in the presence of excess light resulting the thylakoid lumen activates an enzyme (violaxanthin de‐epoxidase) that converts violaxanthin into zeaxanthin

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#Id: 8835

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Protonation of a membrane protein (PSBS) that promotes a dissipative state of LHC proteins in the PSII antenna is also a major form of NPQ

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#Id: 8836

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant