Each Okazaki fragment starts with a primer sequence of RNA - 10 bases long that provides the 3'-0H end for extension by DNA polymerase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5575

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Urea transporters UT-A1 and UT-A3 facilitate diffusion of urea out of the medullary collecting ducts while UT-A2 facilitates urea diffusion into the thin descending loop of Henle.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5576

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The vasa recta do not create the medullary hyperosmolarity,but they do prevent it from being dissipated

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5577

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Countercurrent exchange is a passive process; it depends

on movement of water and could not maintain the osmotic gradient along the pyramids if the process of counter-current multiplication in the loops of Henle were to cease.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1195

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Female hormonal system, consists of three hierarchies of hormones:

1. GnRH

2. FSH and LH

3. Estrogen and progesterone

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1196

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

FSH and LH stimulate sex hormone synthesis by the activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate second messenger system.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1197

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Granulosa cells have FSH receptors Theca cells have LH receptors