The “introns late” hypothesis is the proposal that the ancestral protein-coding sequences were uninterrupted and that introns were subsequently inserted into them

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1581

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Frizzled receptor possesses a unique hydrophobic cleft adapted to interact with lipidated Wnts, a binding conformation mimicked in Notum’s structure as well.

  

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1582

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Antagonists of Wnt:

Secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp)

Wnt inhibitory factor (Wif)

Dickkopf (Dkk) family

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1475

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

25 percent of acute myeloid leukemias are characterized by DNA hypomethylation that is due to inactivating mutations in an enzyme that catalyzes the methylation of CpG dinucleotides.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1476

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Hypermethylation of CpG dinucleotides of TSG gene causes cancer and hypomethylation of CpG dinucleotides of proto-oncogenes causes cancer.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1477

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Overexpression of anti-apoptotic genes or loss of proapoptotic genes promotes tumorigenesis. The pro-apoptotic gene p53 is frequently mutated in cancers.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1478

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Loss of SWI/SNF function, just like loss of Rb function, can lead to overgrowth and cancer.