Chromosomes occupy chromosome territories in the nucleus and are not entangled with each other.

Heterochromatic regions, silenced genes, and gene-sparse regions of chromosomes are typically localized to the nuclear periphery.

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#Id: 9568

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Hitchhiking: Change in the frequency of an allele due to linkage with a selected allele at another locus.

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#Id: 9569

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Dollo’s law:  A biological generalization positing that complex characters, once lost in evolution, are extremely unlikely to reappear and thus the loss of complex characters is virtually always irreversible.

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#Id: 9570

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Van Valen law -  he found a surprising result: rather straight curves, implying that the probability of extinction is roughly constant.

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#Id: 9571

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Ockham’s principle - Principle of parsimony

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#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

The Forces of Evolution

Mutation, 

Genetic drift

Gene flow or migration

Selection

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#Id: 4316

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Theories to explain origin of life

Special Creation

Panspermia/ Cosmozoic theory/ Interplanetary theory

Spontaneous Generation