Most cells are anchorage dependent and must be cultured while attached to a solid or semi-solid substrate (adherent or monolayer culture), while others can be grown floating in the culture medium (suspension culture). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6316

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Readthrough transcripts refer to the fraction of transcripts that are not stopped by the terminator.  Furthermore, the termination event can be prevented by specific ancillary factors that interact with RNA and/or RNA polymerase, a situation referred to as antitermination.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 790

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Sequences of Rho dependent transcription termination

1. Rho binds a rut site. 

2. The rho factor then tracks along the RNA until it catches up to RNA polymerase. 

3. When the RNA polymerase reaches the termination site, rho first freezes the structure of the polymerase and then invades the exit channel to destabilize the enzyme, causing it to release the RNA. 

4. Pausing by the polymerase at the site of termination allows time for rho factor to translocate to the hybrid stretch.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6999

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Unlike pluripotent stem cells, adult or multipotent stem cells in culture not only have a restricted array of cell types that they can create, but they also have a finite number of generations for self-renewal.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3175

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Each set of ter sites allows a replication fork into the termination region, but does not allow it out the other side.For example, replication fork 1 can pass through terC and terB into the region, but it cannot continue past terE, -D, and -A. This arrangement creates a "replication fork trap."

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 902

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Flow cytometry or FACS is the sine qua non (without which, nothing) of the modern immunologist’s toolbox.