The most common antibiotics used are penicillin and streptomycin, which inhibit a wide spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Penicillin acts by inhibiting the last step in bacterial cell wall synthesis while streptomycin blocks protein synthesis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2330

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

There are RNA polymerase crystal structures that provide considerable insight into how the enzyme retains contact with its substrate while breaking and remaking bonds in the process of the nucleotide addition cycle and undergoing translocation by a Brownian ratchet mechanism.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9824

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Plants that increase stem extension in response to shading are said to exhibit a shade avoidance response.

As shading increases, the R:FR ratio decreases. Shade means far red light

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6019

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9066

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

In nucleus PKA phosphorylate serine-133 on a transcription factor called CREbinding (CREB) protein

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1777

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Three main pathways of CD8+ regulatory T cells:

a. APC lysis

b. Inhibition of APC function

c. Regulation of effector T cells