Acetylation, methylation, ubiquitylation, and sumoylation all occur on the free epsilon amino group of lysine.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6499

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

RNA polymerase II terminates after a short distance; small oligonucleotides of 4–5 nt are unstable; crystal structures of these RNA/DNA hybrids are unordered. Only longer hybrids have proper base pairing. The short RNA products are degraded rapidly. The suggestion is that this abortive initiation is a form of promoter proofreading.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1309

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

E1’s ion-binding sites are exposed to the cytoplasm, and it has high affinity for Na+ but low affinity for K+

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3109

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Replication is unidirectional when a single replication fork is created at an origin.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6078

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1477

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Overexpression of anti-apoptotic genes or loss of proapoptotic genes promotes tumorigenesis. The pro-apoptotic gene p53 is frequently mutated in cancers.