Nurturing Life Sciences
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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization
The tubulin subunit is a heterodimer formed from two closely related globular proteins called a-tubulin and b-tubulin.
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a-tubulin and b-tubulin comprising 445–450 amino acids, which are tightly held together by noncovalent bonds.
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Each α or β monomer has a binding site for one molecule of GTP.
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The GTP that is bound to α-tubulin is physically trapped at the dimer interface and is never hydrolyzed.
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GTP-binding site on the β-subunit is at the surface of the dimer and GTP bound by the β-subunit can be hydrolyzed.
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A microtubule is a hollow cylindrical structure built from 13 parallel protofilaments, each composed of αβ-tubulin heterodimers stacked head to tail and folded into a tube.