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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4688

Evolution might favor traits that benefit the population or species, When one individual’s behavior benefits another, the behavior is cooperative.

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior #Behavior #Part B Pointers
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8326

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The two ends of microfilament polymerize at different rates:
fast-growing end - plus end
slow-growing end - minus end
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8327

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8328

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Hydrolysis of the bound nucleotide reduces the binding affinity of the subunit for neighbouring subunits and makes it more likely to dissociate from each end of the filament.
T form that adds to the filament and the D form that leaves.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8329

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Treadmilling
Because the critical concentrations for the two ends are different, at steady state the free ATP–G-actin will be intermediate between Cc+ and Cc - , so the (+)end will grow and the (-)end will lose subunits.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8330

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8331

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Cytochalasin D, 
a fungal alkaloid, depolymerizes actin filaments by binding to the (+) end of F-actin.